Faculty of Social Sciences

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://hdl.handle.net/10679/8

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Now showing 1 - 20 of 353

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Adolescent-parent relations in Asian Indian and Salvadoran immigrant families: A cultural-developmental analysis of autonomy, authority, conflict and cohesion
(Wiley, 2015-06) Jensen, L. A.; Gözkan, Ayfer Dost; Psychology; GÖZKAN, Ayfer Dost
From a cultural perspective, this study addressed the two developmental theories that adolescents want more autonomy and fewer parental rules than parents consider appropriate, and that discrepancy between adolescents and parents on views of autonomy and authority result in decreased cohesion and increased conflict. The study included 100 adolescent–parent dyads who were immigrants to the United States from El Salvador and India. While findings pointed to cross-cultural commonalities, such as autonomy seeking among adolescents, they also highlighted the importance of culture to different meanings of autonomy and the limits of the discrepancy thesis. The discussion calls for future scholarship to include concepts of salience to diverse groups such as family interdependence and appreciation for the parental immigrant experience.
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Adolescent–parent relationships and youth well-being in Turkey
(Wiley, 2022-09) Gözkan, Ayfer Dost; Psychology; GÖZKAN, Ayfer Dost
In this article, I review research on adolescent–parent relationships and youth well-being in Turkey. Turkey is a country that has changed rapidly due to urbanization and globalization, and that is characterized by cultural heterogeneity in values, all of which have implications for parent–child relationships. I focus first on parenting styles, and then discuss two dimensions of parenting—warmth and parental control—that are considered more universal and culturally variable, respectively, in terms of their associations with well-being. Overall, research from Turkey is consistent with findings across cultures, showing a positive link between higher warmth and youth well-being. But recent research has challenged the cultural normativity hypothesis, which claims that psychological control may not harm the well-being of children in collectivist cultures because it is perceived as a norm in its sociocultural context. Research from collectivist cultures, including Turkey, suggests that the perception of normativity does not preclude its adversity.
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Adolescents’ conflict resolution with their parents and best friends: links to life satisfaction
(Springer Nature, 2019-10) Gözkan, Ayfer Dost; Psychology; GÖZKAN, Ayfer Dost
Objective The present study aimed to compare the frequency with which adolescents' used different conflict resolution styles in their three close relationships (mother, father and best friend); to examine the associations among adolescents' conflict resolution styles in these relationships and the links between conflict resolution styles and life satisfaction. Methods The participants were adolescents (N = 854; aged 11-19 years), from six secondary schools in a metropolitan city in Turkey, who completed self-report questionnaires. Results In conflicts with their parents, adolescents used constructive styles (problem solving and compliance) more often than dysfunctional styles (withdrawal and conflict engagement). Problem solving was the most frequently used strategy in conflicts with a best friend, followed by conflict engagement, withdrawal, and compliance. Path analysis indicated a strong association between the strategies used to resolve conflicts with parents and with one's best friend, chi(2) = 6.45, df = 6, p = 0.38, CFI/TLI = 1/0.999, RMSEA = 0.007. Across all three relationships problem solving was positively linked to life satisfaction, whereas withdrawal and conflict engagement were negatively linked to life satisfaction, chi(2) = 25.234, df = 24, p = 0.39, CFI/TLI = 0.999/0.999, RMSEA = 0.006. Conclusion There were similarities and differences in the conflict resolution strategies used in the different relationships, which provide support for the social problem solving model as well as for the contextual view of conflict resolution. The findings also underline the importance of constructive conflict resolution to the wellbeing of adolescents and point to the importance of conflict resolution training.
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Adolescents’ well-being with respect to the patterns of disclosure to and secrecy from parents and the best friend: A person-centered examination
(Springer Nature, 2020-08) Elsharnouby, E.; Gözkan, Ayfer Dost; Psychology; GÖZKAN, Ayfer Dost
Adolescents' disclosure and secrecy behaviors have important implications for their well-being. Previous research examined adolescent disclosure and secrecy mostly in one close relationship (i.e., one's mother). What remains to be addressed is the patterns of disclosure and secrecy considering adolescents' other close relationships and the well-being differences between these patterns. Adopting a person-centered approach, the current study examined constellations of disclosure and secrecy in adolescents' relationships with their mother, father and best friends, and the extent to which these patterns differ with respect to life satisfaction, problem-solving confidence, and anxiety. The sample consisted of middle adolescents (N = 1097; M-age = 15.12; range = 14-16; 61.6% female) from nine public schools in Istanbul, Turkey. Analysis conducted for the whole sample showed that best friends were the most frequently disclosed confidants followed by mothers, and secrecy was similar for best friends and mothers. Adolescents were least likely to disclose to their fathers and keep secrets from them more frequently. Comparisons of the five classes identified with latent profile analysis, however, indicated that the class with the best well-being status (highest life satisfaction, problem-solving confidence, and lowest anxiety) consisted of adolescents who disclosed most often to their mothers, seconded by best friends, and kept secrets less often from their parents than their best friends. The class with the lowest well-being status consisted of adolescents who had lowest disclosure and highest secrecy in three close relationships. Overall, findings underscored the usefulness of person-centered analytic approach showing that while best friends were the primary confidents when examined with a variable-centered approach, adolescents with the highest well-being status reported to disclose most often to their mothers. This finding underlines the importance of sharing personal information and being less secretive especially with mothers in adolescence.
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Aerial aftermaths: Wartime from above
(Taylor & Francis, 2020-05-26) Ghosh, Samarjit; International Relations; GHOSH, Samarjıt
N/A
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Akle Tayyibe [Tasty Dish]—Cooking up belonging in the Syrian refugee foodscape in Turkey
(Taylor & Francis, 2023) Rottmann, Susan Beth; Kanal, M.; Humanities and Social Sciences; ROTTMANN, Susan Beth
This article is a study of Syrian women’s food practices in Turkey. Researchers have shown that food matters for belonging, but we need more research examining how migrants use food in memory-work; how they cook to create a “happy home”; and how shared meals are tied to inclusion in communities. Drawing from ethnographic fieldwork, this research examines five food practices of belonging that can inform migration researchers about how refugees relate to their heritage and collective memories. The article sheds light women’s agency within struggles over belonging and the role of food in the home-making processes of refugee families.
Open Access
Aleviliği tanımlamak: Türkiye’de dinin yönetimi, sekülerlik ve diyanet
(Mülkiyeliler Birliği, 2015) Arslan, Berna Zengin; Humanities and Social Sciences; ARSLAN, Berna
Diyanet, uzun süre akademik ve siyasi çevrelerce Türkiye’de laikliğin istisna bir kurumu, yeterince sekülerleşememiş olmamızın bir göstergesi olarak görüldü. Oysa bugün, özellikle antropoloji disiplini içinden, din ve sekülerliği birbirine zıt ve kesin sınırlarla ayrılmış olarak anlayan bu yaklaşıma eleştiriler getirilmekte ve bir ulus devlet pratiği olarak sekülerliğin kendini din alanıyla ilişki içinde kurduğu vurgulanmaktadır (Asad, 2003). Bu açıdan baktığımızda, farklı örnekler için seküler devletin elini din alanından çekmediğini, aksine din alanını yönettiğini (Turner, 2013) ve (modern anlamda) din alanında kurucu bir rol oynadığını görüyoruz (Asad, 2003). Daha önce, Bryan Turner’ın ‘dinin yönetimi’ (management of religion) kavramına referansla, Diyanet’in Cumhuriyet tarihi boyunca, din alanının ve sekülerliğin şekillenmesinde ve yönetiminde temel kurumlardan biri olduğunu vurgulamıştık (Turner ve Zengin Arslan, 2013). Bu makale ise, ‘dinin yönetimi’ kavramı yardımıyla, devletin Alevilik konusuna yaklaşımını analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Cumhuriyet rejiminin Aleviliği seküler kimlik içinde eriterek tanıdığını, bu anlamda Aleviliği yok saydığını; AKP iktidarı döneminde ise, AB süreciyle birlikte devletin ‘Alevi açılımı’na yöneldiğini; ancak bu süreçte iktidarın Aleviliği tanımak değil, kendi bakış açısından, Alevilere rağmen tanımlamaya yöneldiğini vurgulamaktadır. Bu tanımlamanın, Sünni İslam’ın din anlayışı üzerinden, Sünni İslam’a referansla ve Diyanet’in himayesinde yazılı kültüre geçirilme gibi bir dizi yönetim stratejisi ile gerçekleştirildiğini göstermektedir.
Open Access
Alienated imagination through a mega development project in Turkey: the case of the Osman Gazi Bridge
(Cambridge University Press, 2022-05) Sert, Deniz Şenol; Kuruüzüm, U.; International Relations; SERT, Deniz
Since the rise of the ruling Justice and Development Party in the early 2000s, Turkey has invested in several mega transport and infrastructure projects for the purposes of economic transformation, growth, and development. This article explores the impact of a recently completed mega-project - the Osman Gazi Bridge - on material change and popular imagination about the future. It claims that, while the Bridge created a colossal material change that can be observed by everyone, it also animated an imagined post-industrial transition and inclusive development in the industrial town of Dilovasl. Although the dream of a better future serves as a medium for the industrial town's underprivileged inhabitants to connect and socialize, along with the current marginalizing conditions, it also has the potential to fuel future resistance, if imagination is unable to be transformed into reality.
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“All we hope is a generous revival”: The evangelization of the ottoman christians in western anatolia in the nineteenth century
(İstanbul 29 Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2020) Erol, Merih; Humanities and Social Sciences; EROL, Merih
This article examines the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions’ activities in the 1870s and 80s at the Manisa and Smyrna/İzmir stations in an attempt to evangelize Greeks and Armenians living in the region. The main body of sources used in this study are the letters of the missionary Rev. Marcellus Bowen (1874-1880) sent from Manisa to the headquarters of the ABCFM in Boston, and the letters of Rev. George Constantine (1880-1889) sent from İzmir to the same destination. These first-person narratives provide us with extremely rich material, due to the fact that they comment on phenomena and events directly and immediately. This article investigates a variety of themes, such as the efforts of the American missionaries to adapt their missionary work to Smyrna’s multicultural and multinational society; the missionaries’ decisions and arguments regarding which language to use in their preachings or at religious services for the Greeks and Armenians of the region; the means of persecution or opposition employed by the Greek Orthodox high-ranked clergy in Smyrna/İzmir against the Protestant missionaries; and the conditions under which foreigners could sell religious books or open / build schools and churches in the Ottoman lands, and which intermediaries the missionaries appealed to when they were challenged by the Ottoman authorities.
Open Access
The American passport in Turkey: National citizenship in the age of transnationalism
(Uluslararası İlişkiler Konseyi Derneği, 2021) Sert, Deniz Şenol; International Relations; SERT, Deniz
N/A
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Anthropologist Lloyd A. Fallers’ Research in Turkey during the 1960s
(Cyprus International University, 2023) Sipahi, Ali; Humanities and Social Sciences; SİPAHİ, Ali
Due to the influence of the modernization paradigm, as the main axis of the American social sciences during the Cold War, and since the 1950s, the field of anthropology has shown interest in the developing nation-states in addition to primitive societies. Within this context, Turkey was one of the ‘new nations’ to become a potential object of analysis for Western anthropologists as Turkey was already praised as an exemplary democracy in the political science literature. As a result, for the first time in the history of American anthropology, a series of ethnographies pertaining to Turkey were generated in the 1960s. This article brings to light the academic portrait of the anthropology professor Lloyd A. Fallers at Chicago University and his studies on Turkey. Fallers worked on Turkey for more than ten years, did long-term fieldwork during his residences in Turkey for a total of two years, and supervised dissertations about Turkey. Fallers’ work, which has mostly remained unpublished due to his early death, is analyzed by relying on the archives deposited in the Chicago University library and on oral history interviews conducted by the author with people who had known Fallers.
Open Access
Araştırma sürecini açmak: bir vaka ve bir sosyoloji araştırması
(Uluslararası Kıbrıs Üniversitesi, 2015) Gür, Faik; International Relations; GÜR, Faik
Araştırma süreci, felsefi sorunsallaştırmadan “self-reflexivity” tartışmalarına ve sürecin sadece mekanik yönünün kayda alınması gibi hafıza oluşturma eylemine kadar geniş bir yelpazede ele alınabilecek bir süreçtir. Süreci bilgi üretme alanına dahil etmek ayrıca problemli bir meseledir. İçinde araştırmacılar için “tehlikeler” barındırmıyor demek yanlış olur. Örneğin alan deneyimi ya da tanıklığını yazarken kurgu ya da anı olarak değerlendirebilecek bir noktaya varabilirsiniz. Disiplinler arası çalışmaları önemsemek, bu şekilde ortaya çıkabilecek uç noktaları törpüleyebilir ama bir disipline özgü derinliğin kazandıracağı sorgulama düzeyini tutturamama, her zaman yüksek bir olasılık olarak ortada durmaktadır. Bir taraftan her disiplinin hassaslıklarına hakim olabilmek diğer taraftan konuyu her disiplinin göremediği bir kör noktadan sunabilmek, kotarılması kolay olmayan bir formasyon demektir. Bunu aşmanın en etkili yollarından birisi kuşkusuz farklı disiplinlerde uzmanlaşmış araştırmacıların birlikte çalışmasıdır.
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Are tutor robots for everyone? The influence of attitudes, anxiety, and personality on robot-led language learning
(Springer, 2022-03) Junko, K.; Oranç, C.; Koşkulu, S.; Kumkale, Gökçe Tarcan; Göksun, T.; Kuntay, A. C.; Psychology; KUMKALE, Gökçe Tarcan
Do some individuals benefit more from social robots than others? Using a second language (L2) vocabulary lesson as an example, this study examined how individual differences in attitudes toward robots, anxiety in learning L2, and personality traits may be related to the learning outcomes. One hundred and two native Turkish-speaking adults were taught eight English words in a one-on-one lesson either with the NAO robot (N = 51) or with a human tutor (N = 51). The results in both production and receptive language tests indicated that, following the same protocol, the two tutors are fairly comparable in teaching L2 vocabulary. Negative attitudes toward robots and anxiety in L2 learning impeded participants from learning vocabulary in the robot tutor condition whereas the personality trait of extroversion negatively predicted vocabulary learning in the human tutor condition. This study is among the first to demonstrate how individual differences can affect learning outcomes in robot-led sessions and how general attitudes toward a type of device may affect the ways humans learn using the device.
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Armenians in 1920s Greece: Turkey’s unwanted minority, the league of nations’ Burden, Greece’s “Other” refugees
(Brill Academic Publishers, 2023) Erol, Merih; Humanities and Social Sciences; EROL, Merih
This article sheds light upon the history of an underresearched group of refugees who settled in Greece in the 1920s. It focuses on Armenians from Anatolia who fled to Greece in 1921-22, during and after the Greek-Turkish War of 1919-22. The article examines how the Greek government and international humanitarian organizations (Near East Relief, American Red Cross, etc.) approached the Armenian refugees, including orphans. The study further highlights practices such as transfers of Armenians within Greece, repatriation programs supported by Greece to send the Armenian refugees to Soviet Armenia, and citizenship policies regarding them.
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Aspirations among young refugees in Turkey: social class, integration and onward migration in forced migration contexts
(Taylor and Francis, 2022) Üstübici, A.; Elçi, Ezgi; International Relations; ELÇİ, Ezgi
The prevailing sentiment is that refugees desire to go to developed countries rather than stay in their first host country. Based on a critical reading of the literature on onward migration, this article analyzes the formation of aspirations for (im)mobility among young Syrian refugees in Turkey, considering their initial access to resources and integration. Our quantitative analysis suggests that obtaining legal status, satisfaction with life, perceived cultural similarities between the Turkish and Syrian communities, and hence perceived inclusion are the foremost drivers of aspirations to stay in Turkey. The analysis also shows that rather than migrants’ social class, migration-specific capital, such as a passport and networks abroad, drives onward migration aspirations. The qualitative analysis further unpacks the relationship between economic, cultural, and social capital as well as the subjective experience of integration and aspirations to move on or stay. Analyzing different trajectories, we highlight the importance of ‘start-up capital’ at the onset of displacement in shaping opportunities for settlement and future aspirations. Our discussion underscores that resources and opportunities explain onward mobility aspirations in protracted displacement contexts in relation to daily experiences of inclusion and to considerations regarding social class and social mobility in the future.
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Association between children’s temperament and learning behaviors: contribution of relationships with parents and teachers
(Taylor & Francis, 2022) Acar, İbrahim Hakkı; Veziroğlu-Çelik, M.; Barata, Özge; Altay, Selin; Psychology; ACAR, Ibrahim Hakkı; Barata, Özge; Altay, Selin
The present study is an investigation of the contributions of child temperament (persistence and reactivity), parent-child (closeness and conflict), and teacher-child relationship (closeness and conflict), to pre-school children's learning behaviours with a focus on the moderating role of these relationships between child temperament and learning behaviours. Participants were 140 children (59 girls) aged 39 to 77 months (M = 62.57, SD = 8.53). Child temperament and parent-child relationships were reported by parents. Teacher-child relationships and learning behaviours were reported by teachers. Results from regression analyses accounting for the nesting structure of the data showed that reactivity, parent-child conflict, and teacher-child conflict were negatively, and persistence and teacher-child closeness were positively related to children’s learning behaviours. In addition, when the parent-child conflict was at average or high levels, children with higher reactivity displayed lower levels of learning behaviours. The findings highlight that both temperament and relationships with parents and teachers are important for children’s learning behaviours.
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The association between learning behaviours and social competence of Turkish preschool children
(Taylor & Francis, 2020-09-09) Celik, M. V.; Acar, İbrahim Hakkı; Psychology; ACAR, Ibrahim Hakkı
The purpose of the current study was to examine the associations between learning behaviours and social competencies of Turkish preschool children. The participants were a total of 140 children (59 girls) with the mean age of 62.56 months (SD = 8.52)enrolled in an urban school district in Turkey. Teachers reported on the children's learning behaviours (competence/motivation, attention/persistence, attitude toward learning) and social competencies (academic skills, peer relations, self-management). Canonical correlation analyses were used to test the multivariate associations between learning behaviours and the social competencies of the children. Results from bivariate correlations showed that all of the three factors for learning behaviours were positively associated with the three factors of social competence. Further, this result was confirmed through canonical correlation analyses showing that all of the learning behaviours strongly contributed to functions related to social competence. There was no gender difference for both learning behaviours and social competence. Limitations and future directions are discussed in the light of the findings.
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Association between performance-based and ratings of Turkish children’s executive function
(Springer, 2021-09) Hamamcı, B.; Acar, İbrahim Hakkı; Uyanık, G.; Psychology; ACAR, Ibrahim Hakkı
This study is an examination of similarities and discrepancies between performance-based measures and ratings (parents and teachers) of executive function in children. Data were collected from 200 Turkish children (103 boys) and, their parents and teachers. Children’s ages ranged from 36 to 71 months (M = 54.01, SD = 9.65). Parents and teachers reported on children’s executive function using the Children's Behavior Questionnaire and Children’s Executive Functioning Inventory. We used eight structured tasks of The Executive Function Touch to assess children’s performance-based executive function. Primarily, based on confirmatory factor analysis, the unidimensional structure of the EF Touch was confirmed with Turkish children. Poor agreement between performance-based and ratings (parents and teachers) was found. In addition, there were also discrepancies between parents and teachers in their ratings of children’s executive function. These observed discrepancies highlight the importance of multi-informant measures of children’s executive function for comprehensive understanding.
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Associations among adolescents’ mindfulness, sympathy, cognitive empathy, and sibling relationships
(Sage, 2024-02) Barata, Özge; Acar, İbrahim Hakkı; Bostancı, S.; Psychology; ACAR, Ibrahim Hakkı; Barata, Özge
In the current study, we examined the direct and indirect paths from mindfulness to adolescents’ sibling relationships through their cognitive empathy and sympathy. The sample consisted of 220 adolescents (50.9 % female) between age of 13 and 17 years (M = 15.86, SD = 0.91). Participants reported their mindfulness (acceptance and awareness), cognitive empathy and sympathy, and sibling relationships. The parallel mediation model revealed that mindful awareness and acceptance predicted kindness, involvement, and empathy within sibling relationships through sympathy. In addition, there was a significant indirect effect of mindful awareness to empathy in sibling relationships through cognitive empathy. Findings provided information regarding the importance of indirect contributions of mindfulness to sibling relationships through cognitive empathy and sympathy.
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The associations between adult attachment, posttraumatic symptoms, and posttraumatic growth
(Informa Group Company, 2016) Arıkan, Gizem; Stopa, L.; Carnelley, K. B.; Karl, A.; Psychology; ARIKAN, Gizem
Background and Objectives: Individual differences after trauma vary considerably and can range from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to posttraumatic growth (PTG). Current theoretical models cannot fully explain this variability. Therefore, we integrated attachment theory with Ehlers and Clark's model of PTSD to understand whether attachment style is associated with negative appraisals of a traumatic event(s), posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTS), and PTG. Our aim was to test this integrated model PTSD in an analog sample who had experienced at least one traumatic event. Design: We used structural equation modeling to test the association of adult attachment and posttraumatic cognitions (self and world/others) with PTS and PTG using a cross-sectional, correlational design. Methods: The sample comprised 393 university staff and students (RangeAge= 18–49, 85% females) who completed online measures. Results: Attachment anxiety and negative posttraumatic self-cognitions were positively associated. Negative posttraumatic self-cognitions were positively associated with PTS. Attachment anxiety had an indirect effect (via negative posttraumatic self-cognitions) on PTS, whereas attachment avoidance predicted more negative posttraumatic world cognitions and lower perceived PTG. Conclusions: The study highlights the importance of considering how attachment styles influence posttraumatic emotion regulation and cognitive processing of the trauma to determine posttraumatic mental health.

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