Faculty of Social Sciences

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://hdl.handle.net/10679/8

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 353

Metadata only
Sleepwalking in İstanbul: a man in anguish in A. H. Tanpinar's A Mind at Peace
(Taylor & Francis, 2009) Günay-Erkol, Çimen; Humanities and Social Sciences; ERKOL, Çimen Günay
Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar's (1901-62) novels reflect the dichotomy within early twentieth-century Turkey: a nation maintaining past tradition yet concurrently embracing modernity. Tanpınar explores the Ottoman legacy of Turkish modernity and questions acute social and cultural change. Scholarly interest in this aspect of Tanpınar's novels has greatly eclipsed all other aspects, as most critics analyze Tanpınar's intentions primarily in light of his political ideologies or philosophical attachments. This article challenges Tanpınar's readers to consider him in a new light through an analysis of A Mind at Peace (2008), a multidimensional narrative that addresses an orphan boy's rites of passage, which lead to manhood, within a broad and perplexing story of continuity and change in Turkey. To understand the novel as a whole, this article asserts, one must first comprehend the protagonist's precarious masculinity and his gender anxieties.
Metadata only
Transcendental ethics
(Springer, 2011) Oktar, Sibel; Humanities and Social Sciences; THOMAS, Sibel Oktar
Our ontological, epistemological and metaphysical point of view is a very important determinant of how we conceive ethics and the possibility of ethical discourse. Kant, G.E. Moore and Wittgenstein had a quite eloquent discourse on ethics though they were, prima facie, incompatible. Kant regards ethics as belonging to supersensible reality, Moore, tells us that “goodness” is a non-natural and intuitively known notion. Wittgenstein says he “respected deeply” that that he himself could not talk about. Both Kant and Wittgenstein might at least find a common point on the idea of ethics being transcendental, whereas Moore strongly objects. I will try to show that Moore’s notion of “good” as a non-natural object that does not exist in time is difficult to conceive without assuming a “transcendental object” and the existence of a supersensible reality, as Kant does. I will investigate the role of transcending the limits of language in Wittgenstein’s conception of ethics where it manifests itself in our attitude towards the world. I will argue that Wittgenstein suggests a transcendental ethics with an account of viewing the world sub specie aeterni, without a need for a supersensible reality.
Metadata only
Prosocial moral reasoning and prosocial behavior among Turkish and Spanish adolescents
(Society for Personality Research, 2012) Kumru, Asiye; Carlo, G.; Mestre, M. V.; Samper, P.; Psychology; KUMRU, Asiye
Prosocial moral reasoning and behavior of young people in early and middle adolescence were examined in relation to the association among the variable of cultural group, age, and gender. Adolescents from Valencia, Spain (673 boys, 579 girls) and Ankara, Turkey (185 boys, 145 girls) participated in this study. Results showed significant cultural group differences on both prosocial moral reasoning subscales and peer rating of prosocial behavior with Spanish adolescents scoring higher than Turkish adolescents, and in the pattern of relationships between these variables. There were also age group and gender differences on some types of prosocial moral reasoning and behaviors, but the effect sizes were small and the differences were very small. Findings suggest culture-specific patterns of prosocial behavior among the adolescents in the two samples.
Restricted
Bakmak ama görmemek: Türkiye'de kadın yazarların profili
(Doğu Akdeniz Üniversitesi Kadın Araştırmaları Merkezi, 2012) Aksoy, S. E.; Günay-Erkol, Çimen; Humanities and Social Sciences; ERKOL, Çimen Günay
Bu makale, edebiyat sosyolojisi alanına giren ve Türkiye deki edebiyatçı kadınların profilini ortaya çıkartmayı amaçlayan bir araştırma projesinin ürünüdür. Kadın yazarların eğitim durumları, meslekleri, babalarının meslekleri, yapıt verdikleri türler ve bildikleri yabancı diller gibi kimi unsurlar ele alınarak bu verilerin yıllara dağılımı incelenmektedir. İstatistiksel veriler ve bunlara dayalı olarak yapılan niceliksel analizler toplumsal ve kültürel süreçleri tüm yönleriyle yansıtmasalar da, sözkonusu verilerin yıllara göre nasıl değiştiğini görmek kadın edebiyatı adıyla çerçevelenen ve fazla sorgulanmadan adeta bir kanon gibi kabul edilen yazınsal üretimin değerlendirilmesinde otomatikleşen kimi yargıların yeniden gözden geçirilmesi için gereklidir. İstatistiksel dağılımlar bir panorama çizmekle kalmaz, edebiyatın kurumsallaşması, metalaşması, nesilden nesile ve farklı kültürlere aktarımı gibi konulara ışık tutabilecek veriler de sunar. Örneğin, edebiyatçı kadınların doğum yeri ve ikamet yeri üzerine yapılacak karşılaştırmalar, ülkenin edebiyat merkezi olan şehirlerini belirlememize yardımcı olur. Edebiyatçı kadınların yapıt verdikleri türlerin dağılımı ve bu dağılımın yıllara göre gösterdiği değişim, edebiyattaki toplumsal cinsiyet dinamiklerini ve bu dinamiklerin tarihsel süreçteki gelişimini anlamamıza yardımcı olur. İstatistiksel verileri değerlendiren bu makale, edebiyatçı kadınların görünürlüğünü etkileyen unsurları tartışmaya açmakta ve edebiyat için gelenekselleşen bilginin sadece erkekler üzerinden türetilmesinin yanlışlığına değinmektedir.
Metadata only
Post-imperial crises and liminal masculinity in Orhan Kemal’s My Father’s House–The Idle Years
(Wiley, 2012-09) Günay-Erkol, Çimen; Humanities and Social Sciences; ERKOL, Çimen Günay
My Father’s House–The Idle Years is an autobiographical novel by Orhan Kemal, one of the giants of Turkish literature. The novel’s explicit focus is on a boy who grows up pursuing self-realization in a working-class atmosphere. The story takes place during a period of abrupt transformation when the Republic of Turkey, newly born out of the ashes of the collapsed Ottoman Empire, is adapting to oppressive conditions introduced by a burgeoning capitalism. Scholarship on Orhan Kemal has extensively uncovered and charted his socialist realism and unorthodox look at the history of Turkey, but it has not concerned itself enough with the issue of masculinity, which is an indisputable part of Kemal’s view of labour and political power. This paper is an initial attempt to approach Kemal’s autobiographical novels with theories of masculinity. I argue that My Father’s House–The Idle Years explores rites of passages into manhood in what can be referred to as a crisis of imperial loss: the boy grows in an attempt to restore his father’s victimized manhood, in a symbolic parallel to the transformation of the disintegrated Ottoman Empire into self-governed nation-states. Kemal handles the loss metaphorically, using the instability generated by the gender anxieties of a young boy who fails to be like his father to represent the instability generated by the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire. I examine My Father’s House–The Idle Years as the Oedipalized story of post-Ottoman Turkey.
Metadata only
Technology and social theory
(Johns Hopkins University Press, 2012-10) Shields, Mark A.
More than twenty-five years ago social theorist Randall Collins aptly pointed out that technology was one of sociology’s “unexplored dark spots.” Had he then perused the pages of Technology and Culture, he could have noted that usable social theory was largely missing from the history of technology as well. Since then many historians of technology have embraced one quite-specific theoretical framework—social constructivism—and shown some openness to other perspectives as well. Despite lingering skepticism about its utility, SCOT has enriched the narrative and analytical range of scholarship in the field. At the same time, however, social theorists have shown no remotely comparable opening to the history of technology. As far as social theory goes, the history of technology is a dark hole.
Metadata only
Students’ self-presentation on Facebook: an examination of personality and self-construal factors
(Elsevier, 2012-11) Chen, B.; Marcus, Justin; Psychology; MARCUS, Justin
The present research seeks to extend existing theory on self-disclosure to the online arena in higher educational institutions and contribute to the knowledge base and understanding about the use of a popular social networking site (SNS), Facebook, by college students. We conducted a non-experimental study to investigate how university students (N = 463) use Facebook, and examined the roles that personality and culture play in disclosure of information in online SNS-based environments. Results showed that individuals do disclose differently online vs. in-person, and that both culture and personality matter. Specifically, it was found that collectivistic individuals low on extraversion and interacting in an online environment disclosed the least honest and the most audience-relevant information, as compared to others. Exploratory analyses also indicate that students use sites such as Facebook primarily to maintain existing personal relationships and selectively used privacy settings to control their self-presentation on SNSs. The findings of this study offer insight into understanding college students’ self-disclosure on SNS, add to the literature on personality and self-disclosure, and shape future directions for research and practice on online self-presentation.
Metadata only
The overall odds ratio as an intuitive effect size index for multiple logistic regression: examination of further refinements
(Sage, 2012-12) Le, H.; Marcus, Justin; Psychology; MARCUS, Justin
This study used Monte Carlo simulation to examine the properties of the overall odds ratio (OOR), which was recently introduced as an index for overall effect size in multiple logistic regression. It was found that the OOR was relatively independent of study base rate and performed better than most commonly used R-square analogs in indexing model strength. The authors also illustrate and test a jackknife procedure to correct for the bias in the OOR and estimate its standard error. An example applying the OOR to evaluate logistic regression models predicting organizational turnover is provided. The authors discuss implications and offer recommendations for using the OOR to quantify and compare the effectiveness of logistic regression models in applied research.
Open Access
Development and evaluation of an interface for pre-operative planning of cryoablation of a kidney tumor
(2013) Barkana, D. E.; Duru, D. G.; Duru, A. D.; Açık, Alper; Özkan, M.; Psychology; AÇIK, Alper
Surgical interfaces are used for the interpretation and quantification of the patient information, and for the presentation of an integrated workflow where all available data are combined to enable optimal treatments. Human factors research provides a systematic approach to design user interfaces with safety, accuracy, satisfaction and comfort. One of the human factors research called user-centered design approach is used to develop a surgical interface for pre-operative planning of cryoablation of a kidney tumor. Two experiments of a simulated cryoablation of a tumor task have been performed with surgeons to evaluate the proposed surgical interface using subjective (questionnaires) and objective (eye tracking) methods to obtain the best surgical interface configuration.
Metadata only
Sculpting the nation in early republican Turkey
(Wiley, 2013) Gür, Faik; International Relations; GÜR, Faik
Public monuments and statues of Atatürk, the founding father of the Turkish republic, are everywhere in modern Turkey. By the time Atatürk died in 1938, hundreds of busts, statues and monuments of him had already been erected in most important public spaces in İstanbul, Ankara and other major cities in Turkey. They exemplify one of the most effective instruments of the elite-driven projects of modernity by revealing the ways in which Atatürk and his political elites attempted to establish a new official public culture and official history. They have been instrumental in the formation and reproduction of Turkish nationalism since the beginning of the Turkish republic. If statuary is accepted in today's Turkey (marking a shift from the perception of figurative forms as something against the Islamic canon) the statues, monuments and busts of Atatürk have played a central role in this. However, they have also dominated open spaces in a way which has prevented city dwellers from constructing local identities through allegorical representations of the history of their cities.
Metadata only
Issues of ideology and identity in Turkish literature during the Cold War
(2013) Günay-Erkol, Çimen; Humanities and Social Sciences; Ornek, C.; Ungor, C.; ERKOL, Çimen Günay
In the Cold War era, the period from the end of the Second World War to the fall of the Berlin Wall, Turkey was dominated by efforts of democratization and liberalization, economic growth and instability, intellectual and political quarrels, three successful (1960, 1971, and 1980) and two abortive military coups (1962 and 1963), and armed aggression in the streets which reached a peak toward the end of 1970s. The ruins left by military dictatorships are still relatively unexplored, and the neoliberal structure and hegemonic discourses introduced by them still influence contemporary life. The Cold War has left an imprint not only in literature but also in daily language, and its legacy is very much alive. The Turkish dictionary prepared and made online by the state-supported Turkish Language Association (TDK), for example, gives Moskof gâvuru (infidel of Moscow) as a synonym for the word Rus (Russian), linking an ethnic identity to a political system (the ideal of a Moscow-centered international dictatorship) and religious otherness at the same time.
Metadata only
The senior discount: biases against older career changers
(Wiley, 2013-02) Fritzsche, B.; Marcus, Justin; Psychology; MARCUS, Justin
This study examined age discrimination in between- vs. within-career job transitions. We expected that older workers transitioning into a new field would experience greater age discrimination than those who change jobs within the same field, particularly when amount of prior job experience is not made salient, and particularly when decision-makers were highly prejudiced. Results suggested that younger job applicants received higher suitability ratings than older job applicants, and job applicants making a within-career transition were rated higher than those making a between-career transition. As hypothesized, older job applicants making between-career transitions would receive the lowest ratings of suitability for hire when no information regarding experience was presented, and when decision-makers were highly prejudiced. Implications for the aging workforce are discussed.
Metadata only
Interactive effects of levels of individualism–collectivism on cooperation: a meta-analysis
(Wiley, 2013-08) Marcus, Justin; Le, H.; Psychology; MARCUS, Justin
We examined the interactive effects of levels of individualism–collectivism (I–C) on cooperation at work by meta-analytically combining results obtained from 201 studies, representing 225 independent samples. I–C was operationalized at the individual, organizational, and societal levels of analyses. Cooperation was conceptualized at both individual and group levels of analysis. Both cooperative behavior and performance were included as outcomes. The correlation between individual-level I–C and cooperation/performance was stronger in collectivistic as opposed to individualistic societies. Similarly, the correlation between organizational-level I–C and cooperation was stronger in collectivistic societies. Results also indicated that individual-level and organizational-level I–C, but not societal-level I–C, were moderately related to study outcomes. Examination of other potential moderators indicated that neither study setting, I–C dimensionality, nor performance measurement type (objective vs subjective measures) altered these relations. However, a conceptual match between I–C and cooperation was a moderator such that effect sizes were generally larger when I–C and outcomes were both measured at the same level of analysis. Overall, our results indicate that I–C is both theoretically and empirically distinct across the various levels of analyses and that it may be a better predictor of outcomes in collectivistic as opposed to individualistic societies.
Metadata only
Christopher Dole. Healing secular life: loss and devotion in modern Turkey. Philadelphia: University of Philadelphia Press, 2012. x + 291 pages.
(Cambridge University Press, 2013-10) Arslan, Berna Zengin; Humanities and Social Sciences; ARSLAN, Berna
Metadata only
Cultivating and contesting order: 'European Turks' and negotiations of neighbourliness at 'home'
(Berghahn, 2013-12) Rottmann, Susan Beth; Humanities and Social Sciences; ROTTMANN, Susan Beth
This article examines how Turks returning from Germany to Turkey self-fashion as 'orderly neighbours'. By maintaining aesthetically pleasing homes and gardens, keeping public spaces clean, and obeying rules and laws in public, return migrants believe they act as modern 'European-Turks' and exemplify good neighbourliness. Many neighbours, however, feel these actions are unnecessary or even disruptive to Turkish communities. In conversation with the burgeoning anthropology of ethics, this research explores how local, national and transnational assemblages foster reflections and debates on neighbourly ethics. Further, this study highlights anxieties about individualism, reciprocity, 'modernity' and 'European-ness' in today's Turkey.
Metadata only
Eradicating employment discrimination: toward a cultural values perspective
(Wiley, 2013-12) Marcus, Justin; Psychology; MARCUS, Justin
The article offers the author's insights on the paper by A. Lindsey and colleagues regarding the reduction of discrimination in employment. The author argues that the paper failed to provide a model by which diversity can be discussed and addressed. He discusses the cultural mosaic theory which states that shared cultural identities arise from interpersonal interactions and self. He cites some applications of the cultural values concept such as in employee recruitment, inclusion, and retention.
Metadata only
Migrants' uncertainties versus states' insecurities: transit migration in Turkey
(2014) İçduygu, A.; Sert, Deniz Şenol; International Relations; SERT, Deniz
Since the early 1980s, Turkey has become an important route for so-called transit migration flows in the south-east of Europe. People from different parts of the South and East have begun to use the Turkish peninsula as a bridge to the West and the North, where they hope to find better living conditions. The number of such people is unknown as there are no figures available for ‘irregular transit migration’ passing through Turkey, which is an expected result, given the murky nature of this phenomenon.
Metadata only
The children's social understanding scale: construction and validation of a parent-report measure for assessing individual differences in children's theories of mind
(American Psychological Association, 2014) Tahiroğlu, Deniz; Moses, L. J.; Carlson, S. M.; Mahy, C. E. V.; Olofson, E. L.; Sabbagh, M. A.; Psychology; TAHİROĞLU, Deniz
Children’s theory of mind (ToM) is typically measured with laboratory assessments of performance. Although these measures have generated a wealth of informative data concerning developmental progressions in ToM, they may be less useful as the sole source of information about individual differences in ToM and their relation to other facets of development. In the current research, we aimed to expand the repertoire of methods available for measuring ToM by developing and validating a parent-report ToM measure: the Children’s Social Understanding Scale (CSUS). We present 3 studiesassessing the psychometric properties of the CSUS. Study 1 describes item analysis, internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and relation of the scale to children’s performance on laboratory ToM tasks. Study 2 presents cross-validation data for the scale in a different sample of preschool children with a different set of ToM tasks. Study 3 presents further validation data for the scale with a slightly older age group and a more advanced ToM task, while controlling for several other relevant cognitive abilities. The findings indicate that the CSUS is a reliable and valid measure of individual differences in children’s ToM that may be of great value as a complement to standard ToM tasks in many different research contexts.
Open Access
Severe tests in neuroimaging: what we can learn and how we can learn it
(University of Chicago Press, 2014) Aktunç, Mahir Emrah; Psychology; AKTUNÇ, Mahir Emrah
Considerable methodological difficulties abound in neuroimaging and several philosophers of science have recently called into question the potential of neuroimaging studies to contribute to our knowledge of human cognition. These skeptical accounts suggest that functional hypotheses are underdetermined by neuroimaging data. I apply Mayo's error-statistical account to clarify the evidential import of neuroimaging data and the kinds of inferences it can reliably support. Thus, we can answer the question 'what can we reliably learn from neuroimaging?' and make sense of how this knowledge can contribute to novel construals of cognition.
Metadata only
Öğrenileni/Ölçüleni Belirlemek: Bilişsel Nörobilim'de Kanıt ve Çıkarım
(2014) Aktunç, Emrah

Browse

Browsing by Issue Date