Graduate School of Social Sciences

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10679/9881

Browse

Browsing by Subject "Contemplation"

Filter results by typing the first few letters
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
  • Placeholder
    PhD DissertationPublicationMetadata only
    From contemplation to spectacle: transformation of the way of seeing in the 19th century ottoman culture
    İz, Mustafa Kemal; Özkal, Özlem; Özkal, Özlem; Çavuş, Metin; Ghosh, Candan Türkkan; Kaya, D.; Berkan, S. T.; Department of Design, Technology and Society; İz, Mustafa Kemal
    In this study, by suggesting two different ways of seeing as contemplative and spectatorial, which are based on the distinction made between the concepts of tefekkür (contemplation) and temaşa (spectacle), the transformation of worldview experienced by the Ottomans in the modernization process taking place in the 19th century is interpreted through the transformation of the way of seeing in the Ottoman culture. In the process of Westernization, the way of seeing based on contemplation – which was prevailing in Ottoman culture– gradually turned into the way of seeing based on spectacle. This transformation process can be examined in four different stages: religious, metaphysical, naturalist and impressionist. In this transformation process, in which each stage develops around a unique characteristic, the view towards reason, nature and the individual has also changed. Accordingly, while the religious stage is shaped around the stylization tendency; the metaphysical stage is dominated by a kind of indecision between two ways of seeing. While the naturalist stage is determined by the picturesque attitude; impressionist gaze dominates the impressionist stage. Since the art forms in which contemplative and spectatorial way of seeing were most visible in the Ottoman Empire were poetry and canvas painting respectively, these four stages and transition between them have been examined on literary and visual planes, through the works of poets and painters from successive generations. In this context, through the transformation between two different ways of seeing, this study aims to suggest a different interpretation concerning the change in the Ottoman worldview as a result of Westernization and modernization processes in the 19th century.