Faculty of Social Sciences

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Now showing 1 - 20 of 247

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Adolescent-parent relations in Asian Indian and Salvadoran immigrant families: A cultural-developmental analysis of autonomy, authority, conflict and cohesion
(Wiley, 2015-06) Jensen, L. A.; Gözkan, Ayfer Dost; Psychology; GÖZKAN, Ayfer Dost
From a cultural perspective, this study addressed the two developmental theories that adolescents want more autonomy and fewer parental rules than parents consider appropriate, and that discrepancy between adolescents and parents on views of autonomy and authority result in decreased cohesion and increased conflict. The study included 100 adolescent–parent dyads who were immigrants to the United States from El Salvador and India. While findings pointed to cross-cultural commonalities, such as autonomy seeking among adolescents, they also highlighted the importance of culture to different meanings of autonomy and the limits of the discrepancy thesis. The discussion calls for future scholarship to include concepts of salience to diverse groups such as family interdependence and appreciation for the parental immigrant experience.
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Adolescent–parent relationships and youth well-being in Turkey
(Wiley, 2022-09) Gözkan, Ayfer Dost; Psychology; GÖZKAN, Ayfer Dost
In this article, I review research on adolescent–parent relationships and youth well-being in Turkey. Turkey is a country that has changed rapidly due to urbanization and globalization, and that is characterized by cultural heterogeneity in values, all of which have implications for parent–child relationships. I focus first on parenting styles, and then discuss two dimensions of parenting—warmth and parental control—that are considered more universal and culturally variable, respectively, in terms of their associations with well-being. Overall, research from Turkey is consistent with findings across cultures, showing a positive link between higher warmth and youth well-being. But recent research has challenged the cultural normativity hypothesis, which claims that psychological control may not harm the well-being of children in collectivist cultures because it is perceived as a norm in its sociocultural context. Research from collectivist cultures, including Turkey, suggests that the perception of normativity does not preclude its adversity.
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Adolescents’ conflict resolution with their parents and best friends: links to life satisfaction
(Springer Nature, 2019-10) Gözkan, Ayfer Dost; Psychology; GÖZKAN, Ayfer Dost
Objective The present study aimed to compare the frequency with which adolescents' used different conflict resolution styles in their three close relationships (mother, father and best friend); to examine the associations among adolescents' conflict resolution styles in these relationships and the links between conflict resolution styles and life satisfaction. Methods The participants were adolescents (N = 854; aged 11-19 years), from six secondary schools in a metropolitan city in Turkey, who completed self-report questionnaires. Results In conflicts with their parents, adolescents used constructive styles (problem solving and compliance) more often than dysfunctional styles (withdrawal and conflict engagement). Problem solving was the most frequently used strategy in conflicts with a best friend, followed by conflict engagement, withdrawal, and compliance. Path analysis indicated a strong association between the strategies used to resolve conflicts with parents and with one's best friend, chi(2) = 6.45, df = 6, p = 0.38, CFI/TLI = 1/0.999, RMSEA = 0.007. Across all three relationships problem solving was positively linked to life satisfaction, whereas withdrawal and conflict engagement were negatively linked to life satisfaction, chi(2) = 25.234, df = 24, p = 0.39, CFI/TLI = 0.999/0.999, RMSEA = 0.006. Conclusion There were similarities and differences in the conflict resolution strategies used in the different relationships, which provide support for the social problem solving model as well as for the contextual view of conflict resolution. The findings also underline the importance of constructive conflict resolution to the wellbeing of adolescents and point to the importance of conflict resolution training.
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Adolescents’ well-being with respect to the patterns of disclosure to and secrecy from parents and the best friend: A person-centered examination
(Springer Nature, 2020-08) Elsharnouby, E.; Gözkan, Ayfer Dost; Psychology; GÖZKAN, Ayfer Dost
Adolescents' disclosure and secrecy behaviors have important implications for their well-being. Previous research examined adolescent disclosure and secrecy mostly in one close relationship (i.e., one's mother). What remains to be addressed is the patterns of disclosure and secrecy considering adolescents' other close relationships and the well-being differences between these patterns. Adopting a person-centered approach, the current study examined constellations of disclosure and secrecy in adolescents' relationships with their mother, father and best friends, and the extent to which these patterns differ with respect to life satisfaction, problem-solving confidence, and anxiety. The sample consisted of middle adolescents (N = 1097; M-age = 15.12; range = 14-16; 61.6% female) from nine public schools in Istanbul, Turkey. Analysis conducted for the whole sample showed that best friends were the most frequently disclosed confidants followed by mothers, and secrecy was similar for best friends and mothers. Adolescents were least likely to disclose to their fathers and keep secrets from them more frequently. Comparisons of the five classes identified with latent profile analysis, however, indicated that the class with the best well-being status (highest life satisfaction, problem-solving confidence, and lowest anxiety) consisted of adolescents who disclosed most often to their mothers, seconded by best friends, and kept secrets less often from their parents than their best friends. The class with the lowest well-being status consisted of adolescents who had lowest disclosure and highest secrecy in three close relationships. Overall, findings underscored the usefulness of person-centered analytic approach showing that while best friends were the primary confidents when examined with a variable-centered approach, adolescents with the highest well-being status reported to disclose most often to their mothers. This finding underlines the importance of sharing personal information and being less secretive especially with mothers in adolescence.
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Aerial aftermaths: Wartime from above
(Taylor & Francis, 2020-05-26) Ghosh, Samarjit; International Relations; GHOSH, Samarjıt
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Are tutor robots for everyone? The influence of attitudes, anxiety, and personality on robot-led language learning
(Springer, 2022-03) Junko, K.; Oranç, C.; Koşkulu, S.; Kumkale, Gökçe Tarcan; Göksun, T.; Kuntay, A. C.; Psychology; KUMKALE, Gökçe Tarcan
Do some individuals benefit more from social robots than others? Using a second language (L2) vocabulary lesson as an example, this study examined how individual differences in attitudes toward robots, anxiety in learning L2, and personality traits may be related to the learning outcomes. One hundred and two native Turkish-speaking adults were taught eight English words in a one-on-one lesson either with the NAO robot (N = 51) or with a human tutor (N = 51). The results in both production and receptive language tests indicated that, following the same protocol, the two tutors are fairly comparable in teaching L2 vocabulary. Negative attitudes toward robots and anxiety in L2 learning impeded participants from learning vocabulary in the robot tutor condition whereas the personality trait of extroversion negatively predicted vocabulary learning in the human tutor condition. This study is among the first to demonstrate how individual differences can affect learning outcomes in robot-led sessions and how general attitudes toward a type of device may affect the ways humans learn using the device.
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Armenians in 1920s Greece: Turkey’s unwanted minority, the league of nations’ Burden, Greece’s “Other” refugees
(Brill Academic Publishers, 2023) Erol, Merih; Humanities and Social Sciences; EROL, Merih
This article sheds light upon the history of an underresearched group of refugees who settled in Greece in the 1920s. It focuses on Armenians from Anatolia who fled to Greece in 1921-22, during and after the Greek-Turkish War of 1919-22. The article examines how the Greek government and international humanitarian organizations (Near East Relief, American Red Cross, etc.) approached the Armenian refugees, including orphans. The study further highlights practices such as transfers of Armenians within Greece, repatriation programs supported by Greece to send the Armenian refugees to Soviet Armenia, and citizenship policies regarding them.
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Aspirations among young refugees in Turkey: social class, integration and onward migration in forced migration contexts
(Taylor and Francis, 2022) Üstübici, A.; Elçi, Ezgi; International Relations; ELÇİ, Ezgi
The prevailing sentiment is that refugees desire to go to developed countries rather than stay in their first host country. Based on a critical reading of the literature on onward migration, this article analyzes the formation of aspirations for (im)mobility among young Syrian refugees in Turkey, considering their initial access to resources and integration. Our quantitative analysis suggests that obtaining legal status, satisfaction with life, perceived cultural similarities between the Turkish and Syrian communities, and hence perceived inclusion are the foremost drivers of aspirations to stay in Turkey. The analysis also shows that rather than migrants’ social class, migration-specific capital, such as a passport and networks abroad, drives onward migration aspirations. The qualitative analysis further unpacks the relationship between economic, cultural, and social capital as well as the subjective experience of integration and aspirations to move on or stay. Analyzing different trajectories, we highlight the importance of ‘start-up capital’ at the onset of displacement in shaping opportunities for settlement and future aspirations. Our discussion underscores that resources and opportunities explain onward mobility aspirations in protracted displacement contexts in relation to daily experiences of inclusion and to considerations regarding social class and social mobility in the future.
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Association between children’s temperament and learning behaviors: contribution of relationships with parents and teachers
(Taylor & Francis, 2022) Acar, İbrahim Hakkı; Veziroğlu-Çelik, M.; Barata, Özge; Altay, Selin; Psychology; ACAR, Ibrahim Hakkı; Barata, Özge; Altay, Selin
The present study is an investigation of the contributions of child temperament (persistence and reactivity), parent-child (closeness and conflict), and teacher-child relationship (closeness and conflict), to pre-school children's learning behaviours with a focus on the moderating role of these relationships between child temperament and learning behaviours. Participants were 140 children (59 girls) aged 39 to 77 months (M = 62.57, SD = 8.53). Child temperament and parent-child relationships were reported by parents. Teacher-child relationships and learning behaviours were reported by teachers. Results from regression analyses accounting for the nesting structure of the data showed that reactivity, parent-child conflict, and teacher-child conflict were negatively, and persistence and teacher-child closeness were positively related to children’s learning behaviours. In addition, when the parent-child conflict was at average or high levels, children with higher reactivity displayed lower levels of learning behaviours. The findings highlight that both temperament and relationships with parents and teachers are important for children’s learning behaviours.
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The association between learning behaviours and social competence of Turkish preschool children
(Taylor & Francis, 2020-09-09) Celik, M. V.; Acar, İbrahim Hakkı; Psychology; ACAR, Ibrahim Hakkı
The purpose of the current study was to examine the associations between learning behaviours and social competencies of Turkish preschool children. The participants were a total of 140 children (59 girls) with the mean age of 62.56 months (SD = 8.52)enrolled in an urban school district in Turkey. Teachers reported on the children's learning behaviours (competence/motivation, attention/persistence, attitude toward learning) and social competencies (academic skills, peer relations, self-management). Canonical correlation analyses were used to test the multivariate associations between learning behaviours and the social competencies of the children. Results from bivariate correlations showed that all of the three factors for learning behaviours were positively associated with the three factors of social competence. Further, this result was confirmed through canonical correlation analyses showing that all of the learning behaviours strongly contributed to functions related to social competence. There was no gender difference for both learning behaviours and social competence. Limitations and future directions are discussed in the light of the findings.
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Association between performance-based and ratings of Turkish children’s executive function
(Springer, 2021-09) Hamamcı, B.; Acar, İbrahim Hakkı; Uyanık, G.; Psychology; ACAR, Ibrahim Hakkı
This study is an examination of similarities and discrepancies between performance-based measures and ratings (parents and teachers) of executive function in children. Data were collected from 200 Turkish children (103 boys) and, their parents and teachers. Children’s ages ranged from 36 to 71 months (M = 54.01, SD = 9.65). Parents and teachers reported on children’s executive function using the Children's Behavior Questionnaire and Children’s Executive Functioning Inventory. We used eight structured tasks of The Executive Function Touch to assess children’s performance-based executive function. Primarily, based on confirmatory factor analysis, the unidimensional structure of the EF Touch was confirmed with Turkish children. Poor agreement between performance-based and ratings (parents and teachers) was found. In addition, there were also discrepancies between parents and teachers in their ratings of children’s executive function. These observed discrepancies highlight the importance of multi-informant measures of children’s executive function for comprehensive understanding.
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Associations among adolescents’ mindfulness, sympathy, cognitive empathy, and sibling relationships
(Sage, 2024-02) Barata, Özge; Acar, İbrahim Hakkı; Bostancı, S.; Psychology; ACAR, Ibrahim Hakkı; Barata, Özge
In the current study, we examined the direct and indirect paths from mindfulness to adolescents’ sibling relationships through their cognitive empathy and sympathy. The sample consisted of 220 adolescents (50.9 % female) between age of 13 and 17 years (M = 15.86, SD = 0.91). Participants reported their mindfulness (acceptance and awareness), cognitive empathy and sympathy, and sibling relationships. The parallel mediation model revealed that mindful awareness and acceptance predicted kindness, involvement, and empathy within sibling relationships through sympathy. In addition, there was a significant indirect effect of mindful awareness to empathy in sibling relationships through cognitive empathy. Findings provided information regarding the importance of indirect contributions of mindfulness to sibling relationships through cognitive empathy and sympathy.
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The associations between adult attachment, posttraumatic symptoms, and posttraumatic growth
(Informa Group Company, 2016) Arıkan, Gizem; Stopa, L.; Carnelley, K. B.; Karl, A.; Psychology; ARIKAN, Gizem
Background and Objectives: Individual differences after trauma vary considerably and can range from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to posttraumatic growth (PTG). Current theoretical models cannot fully explain this variability. Therefore, we integrated attachment theory with Ehlers and Clark's model of PTSD to understand whether attachment style is associated with negative appraisals of a traumatic event(s), posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTS), and PTG. Our aim was to test this integrated model PTSD in an analog sample who had experienced at least one traumatic event. Design: We used structural equation modeling to test the association of adult attachment and posttraumatic cognitions (self and world/others) with PTS and PTG using a cross-sectional, correlational design. Methods: The sample comprised 393 university staff and students (RangeAge= 18–49, 85% females) who completed online measures. Results: Attachment anxiety and negative posttraumatic self-cognitions were positively associated. Negative posttraumatic self-cognitions were positively associated with PTS. Attachment anxiety had an indirect effect (via negative posttraumatic self-cognitions) on PTS, whereas attachment avoidance predicted more negative posttraumatic world cognitions and lower perceived PTG. Conclusions: The study highlights the importance of considering how attachment styles influence posttraumatic emotion regulation and cognitive processing of the trauma to determine posttraumatic mental health.
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At the unsettling limits of collaborative life writing: A memoir of an ethnography-memoir
(Taylor & Francis, 2023-01-01) Rottmann, Susan Beth; Humanities and Social Sciences; ROTTMANN, Susan Beth
This chapter uses a memoir to examine the limits of anthropological collaboration. I draw on 12 years of friendship and fieldwork that culminated in my writing an ethnographic life story of a German-Turkish return migrant (Leyla) and publishing it together with Leyla’s own original memoir. In recent years, anthropologists have rightly celebrated collaboration as the latest incarnation of engaged, public or activist anthropology. Yet, while reflecting on my collaborative project with Leyla and moving forward with further ones, I have found that collaboration is limited in ways that have not yet been fully explored. Researchers have tended to focus on barriers to collaboration stemming from unequal power dynamics, appropriation of an other’s story and the revealing of ethnographic secrets. In this chapter, I argue that important challenges for collaboration lie with the ethics of reciprocity in the ethnographic encounter and specifically with issues of authority, readership and publication goals; the limited training of anthropologists to engage in co-authorship; and the highly fraught nature of friendship itself under the pressures of late capitalism and professional academic anthropology.
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Bases of power and conflict intervention strategy: a study on Turkish managers
(Emerald Group Publishing, 2014-01) Kozan, M. K.; Ergin, Canan; Varoglu, K.; Psychology; ERGİN, Gül Canan
Purpose – This study aims to develop an influence perspective for managerial intervention in subordinates conflicts, which helps to represent various strategies identified in the literature in a single model. Managers' power base was then related to their intervention strategies. Drawing upon Social Judgment Theory, anchoring of subordinates positions is studied as a moderating variable.Design/methodology/approach – Thirty nine supervisors and their 165 subordinates from several organizations in Turkey filled out a questionnaire reporting power base of supervisor and their intervention strategy utilizing the critical incident technique.Findings – Referent power of superior led to mediation in subordinates' conflicts. However, mediation decreased while restructuring, arbitration, and educative strategies increased with increased anchoring of subordinates' positions. These latter strategies mostly relied on reward power of manager. Subordinate satisfaction was highest with mediation and lowest when supervisors distanced themselves from the conflict.Research limitations/implications – The present study could only test the moderating effect of escalation as an anchoring variable. Future studies may look at the anchoring effect of whether the dispute is handled in public or in private, and whether the parties have a competing versus collaborative or compromising styles.Practical implications – Training of managers in mediation may be essential in cultures where they play a focal role in handling subordinates conflicts. Such training may have to take into account their broader influence strategies and use of power.Originality/value – An influence perspective is useful in integrating the vast array of managerial intervention strategies in the literature. Furthermore, the anchoring effect provides a theoretical explanation for managers' use of more forceful intervention with less cooperative subordinates.
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Basic psychological needs in relationships with parents and best friend and identity statuses among Turkish emerging adults
(Springer, 2022-05) Erçelik, Pınar; Gözkan, Ayfer Dost; Psychology; GÖZKAN, Ayfer Dost; Erçelik, Pınar
The present study a) compared emerging adults’ perceived basic psychological needs (autonomy, relatedness, competence) satisfaction (BPNS) in their relationships with their parents and best friends b) examined the links between BPNS and identity statuses (achievement, moratorium, foreclosure, diffusion) c) examined the links between each psychological need and identity statuses in each relationship. A total of 396 emerging adults participated in the study. The perceived BPNS in one’s relationship with his/her mother and one’s best friend was found to be higher than the BPNS with one’s father; further, the BPNS in one’s relationship with one’s best friend was higher than that in one’s relationship with one’s mother – but only among females. Structural equation modeling (SEM), conducted to examine the links between BPNS and identity statuses, showed that the BPNS in participants’ relationship with their friend was positively linked with achievement and inversely linked with moratorium, foreclosure, and diffusion. The BPNS in one’s relationship with one’s mother was positively linked with achievement and negatively linked with moratorium. Higher BPNS in one’s relationship with ones’s father was linked only with higher foreclosure. BPNS in their relationships with best friends predicted four identity statuses. Competence was linked positively with identity achievement and negatively linked with the other identity statuses across the three relationships. Overall, findings underlined the importance of close friendships in the pursuit of identity and the satisfaction of the basic need for competence across the three relationships.
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Behavioral functioning of school-aged children with non-syndromic craniosynostosis
(Springer Nature, 2020-04) Saydam, Fehime Senem Zeytinoğlu; Ozek, M. M.; Marcus, J.; Crerand, C.; Psychology; SAYDAM, Fehime Senem Zeytinoğlu
Purpose This study investigated the risk for children with non-syndromic craniosynostosis to develop behavioral problems during school age determined by the type of craniosynostisis, age at first surgery, and number of surgeries. Method Final sample consisted of 43 children aged between 6 years and 8 months and 17 years and 1 month (M = 10 years and 5 months). Behavioral problems were assessed with Child Behavioral Checklist (CBCL). Results Our sample had higher scores on the CBCL than the general population; specific elevations were observed including somatic complaints, aggressive behavior, social problems, attention problems, and thought problems and rule-breaking behavior. Behavioral functioning varied by number of surgical procedures, type of craniosynostosis, and age at first surgery. Conclusion For school-aged NSC children's behavioral functioning, diagnosis specific patterns especially impacted by the first age of the surgery and number of surgeries.
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Between solidarity and conflict: Tactical biosociality of Turkish egg donors
(Springer, 2022-06-29) Mutlu, Burcu; Humanities and Social Sciences; MUTLU, Burcu
Based on ethnographic fieldwork and interviews conducted with Turkish egg donors at a Northern Cypriot clinic, this article investigates tactical biosociality of cross-border egg donors that allows them to manage social relations and orient themselves in transnational egg donation (including the processes from recruitment to self-management in and beyond the clinic) under legally restrictive and socially stigmatizing conditions. Addressing the social and collective dimensions of tactics and recognizing the fragmented and conflictual forms of biosociality, it aims to shed light on the complex and ambivalent aspects of tactical biosociality in relation to selective disclosure and stigma within the context of transnational egg donation. Tactical biosociality involves possibilities for solidarity and alliances, and also for conflict and competition among egg donors. It is because for young Turkish women, egg donation retains both gendered moral and financial values that must be tactically negotiated while navigating the wider context of heteropatriarchal cultural norms and expectations, precarious economic and social conditions, biomedical profit and biopolitical control.
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Beyond headscarf culture in Turkey's retail sector
(Cambridge University Press, 2016) Birelma, Alpkan; Humanities and Social Sciences; BİRELMA, Alpkan
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Beyond mosque, church, and state: alternative narratives of the nation in the balkans
(Oxford University Press, 2018-02) Erol, Merih; Humanities and Social Sciences; EROL, Merih
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