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KILIÇ, Bilal

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    Stress among ab-initio pilots: A model of contributing factors by AHP
    (Elsevier, 2019-09) Kılıç, Bilal; Üçler, Çağlar; Professional Flight Program; KILIÇ, Bilal; ÜÇLER, Çağlar
    Human error in the cockpit triggers a chain of incidences, which might lead in aviation to fatal consequences. Indeed, it is the highest contributor to aviation accidents, where stress is correlated positively. Despite the large research base for commercial or military pilots, there is no study related to the workplace stressors of ab-initio pilots. With these considerations in mind, the present study is set out to explore stress factors among ab-initio pilots in the university. For this purpose, stressors were isolated and assessed by interviews with flight instructors. Then, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) is applied to weigh those stressors among ab-initio pilots. A hierarchy was built with 3 criteria and 12 sub-criteria. Results showed that the most important criterion in stress among ab-initio pilots is personal factors, followed by organizational factors and environmental factors. Furthermore, the results revealed that the first four stressors within the global ranking were determined as the lack in body of knowledge, meteorological conditions, personality, and facilities and the fleet with the weights of 0.195, 0.154, 0.11 and 0.109. This work is unique due to its coverage of ab-initio pilots, and the results presented here may facilitate improvements in the evaluation of individual ab-initio pilots and the teaching environment for stress contributing factors.
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    Self-medication among ab initio pilots
    (Aerospace Medical Association, 2021-03) Kılıç, Bilal; Professional Flight Program; KILIÇ, Bilal
    INTRODUCTION: Pilots are more aware of drugs and self-medication in the internet age. However, they are unaware of the effects of self-medication, which may impede their cognitive and decision-making performance. The aim of this study was to determine the awareness levels of ab initio (student) pilots on self-medication and factors contributing to the prevalence of self-medication among them. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study examining ab initio pilots’ knowledge on medication use and the causality of self-medication among them. METHODS: A 17-item questionnaire was developed and administered online to 500 students across 5 flight training organizations (FTO) in Turkey. The response rate was 97/500. For the descriptive analysis of the data, SPSS (the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) was used. RESULTS: Based on the results, fear of medical disqualification and job loss is the most significant factor resulting in the prevalence of self-medication among ab initio pilots. Most of the ab initio pilots (88.7%, N 5 86) were aware of self-medication and its threat to flight safety. Furthermore, three factors influencing the level of awareness and knowledge of ab initio pilots on this subject were evaluated. DISCUSSION: All flight training organizations should educate ab initio pilots on the consequences of self-medication. Furthermore, ab initio pilots should be encouraged to consult an aeromedical examiner with any ailment before a flight.
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    An exploration of new avenues regarding deep tissue penetration and higher singlet oxygen efficiencies: novel near-IR photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy
    (TÜBİTAK, 2019) Yeşilgül, N.; Kılıç, Bilal; Professional Flight Program; KILIÇ, Bilal
    A series of novel BODIPY-bearing electron-withdrawing groups at the meso position are reported here. According to the optical measurements, it may be clearly seen that the introduction of electron-donating groups into 3,5-positions and the presence of electron-withdrawing groups at the meso position of the BODIPY core resulted in spectacular bathochromic shifts (up to similar to 304 nm), and the projected photosensitizers had absorption bands in the therapeutic window of the electromagnetic spectrum (600-900 nm). The absorption maxima of compounds 4, 5, 6, and 7 were at 886 nm, 890 nm, 760 nm, and 761 nm, respectively. The singlet oxygen generation experiments revealed that compounds 6 and 7, with high singlet oxygen quantum yields (0.52 and 0.93, respectively), were excellent and promising candidates for photodynamic therapy. The singlet oxygen quantum yield of 0.93 was the highest reported value so far for BODIPY-based photosensitizers.
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    Fatigue among student pilots
    (Aerospace Medical Association, 2021-01) Kılıç, Bilal; Professional Flight Program; KILIÇ, Bilal
    INTRODUCTION: Fatigue is an important phenomenon in modern aviation. Despite the progress in research concerning fatigue among civil aviation and military pilots, fatigue in student pilots has remained unexamined. The aim of this study was to examine fatigue among ab-initio pilots. In this study, the fatigue model previously proposed and used in the literature is redesigned for ab-initio pilots. METHOD: A 48-item questionnaire was applied. Factor analysis was performed using SPSS. The data were collected from 114 ab-initio pilots. RESULTS: It was determined that 23% (N = 26) of the participants included in the study were women and 77% (N = 88) were men. When the license types of the participants were analyzed, it was seen that 11% (N = 13) had commercial pilot licenses (CPL; N = 80), 70% had private pilot licenses (PPL), and 18% (N = 21) had student pilot licenses (SPL). Results showed that seven performance factors (types of flight, training scheduling, crew composition, environment of the aircraft, types of accommodation, flight training-related issues, and biological issues) affect ab-initio pilots' fatigue on various levels. DISCUSSION: The findings may help flight training organizations and ab-initio pilots take assertive preventive measures against fatigue.
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    Awareness level of airline pilots on flight-associated venous thromboembolism
    (National Center for Biotechnology Information, 2020-04) Kılıç, Bilal; Soran, Semih; Professional Flight Program; KILIÇ, Bilal; SORAN, Semih
    INTRODUCTION: Studies have identified a great number of physiological conditions, including venous thromboembolism and hypoxia, that may give rise to medical disqualifications and in-flight incapacitations that can be costly to individuals and organizations. Over the past three decades, much attention has been focused on venous thromboembolism among passengers. However, studies on venous thromboembolism among commercial airline pilots are very scarce. With this consideration in mind, differently from the literature, this study set out to examine pilots' awareness of venous thromboembolism signs, symptoms, risk factors, and countermeasures. METHODS: For this purpose, a venous thromboembolisrn questionnaire was developed and applied to collect data.There were 427 airline pilots who participated in the questionnaire. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique was used to analyze the results of the questionnaire. RESULTS: According to the results of this study, approximately one-half (57.1%) of the participants had just heard of this particular health issue and 63.9% of the participants were unaware of flight-associated venous thromboembolism. Airline pilots between 20 and 40 yr of age were much less aware of venous thromboembolism in comparison to pilots 41 yr or older, and pilots flying more than 90 h/mo were at a greater risk. DISCUSSION: Airline pilots between 20 and 40 yr have less knowledge about venous thromboembolism and preventive measures against it in comparison to older pilots. Therefore they may be more vulnerable to possible risk factors. The findings of this study will contribute to increasing pilots'awareness on flight-related venous thromboembolism and can improve the overall safety of civil aviation.
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    A hybrid approach based on the fuzzy AHP and HFACS framework for identifying and analyzing gross navigation errors during transatlantic flights
    (Elsevier, 2019-05) Havle, Celal Alpay; Kılıç, Bilal; Professional Flight Program; HAVLE, Celal Alpay; KILIÇ, Bilal
    Despite the considerable efforts to alleviate problems of North Atlantic (NAT) air traffic and implementation of novel surveillance systems, oceanic errors still remain stubbornly high. The purpose of this study is to identify and examine the factors that contribute to navigation errors in the NAT Region by integrating a Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) into the Human Factors Analysis and Classifying System (HFACS) framework for the first time to the best of our knowledge. According to the priority weights, the most important factors contributing to oceanic errors are lack of training provided by airlines, use of inappropriate routes for oceanic crossing by dispatchers, and failure to take preventive measures against oceanic errors. To mitigate the possibility of the aforementioned errors, pilots as individuals must increase their knowledge on cockpit procedures and airlines as organizations have to pay particular attention to training programs to implement appropriate preventive actions.