Ultraviolet communications for airborne links

Abstract

In Turkey, artificial insemination is only permitted to couples when they are officially married. Surrogacy, however, has been banned by the law and is illegal as in most European countries. Despite the fact that nowadays quite a large number of couples has difficulties to have children and as a result sacrifice a lot. As an idea it would seem logical to allow surrogacy. Surrogacy could be permitted under certain conditions on order to prevent child abuse and protect child's interests. Naturally, surrogacy might seem contrary to human dignity in a sense that a woman would be used as a birth mechanism without consideration of the child's best interests speculating the mother's honor. It might be interpreted as a trade ban when the law forbids to homosexual or unmarried couples to bring up a child by the use of surrogate mother's egg or by taking both egg and sperm from someone else, performing insemination to the 3rd party and then eventually separating a child from it's birth mother by the demand of the 3rd party instead of making that couple adopt a child. Legally married mother or the 3rd party mother who is registering a child as her own in Turkey or abroad usually would have to apply to the surrogate motherhood institutions where her application might be considered in the light of various offences. According to TCL. art. 231/1 it is a crime to change the paternity. An individual who has done so or conspire against the law must be punished with an imprisonment from 1 to 3 years. The document forgery has been stated as a crime as well (TCL art.204). Furthermore, as stated in TCL art. 206 - (1) any individual who misrepresents in presence of an official officer or registers false statements in an official document will be fined or imprisoned from 3 months to 2 years. Although, this regulation may be violated. The offender can be prosecuted in Turkey even when such a crime has been committed abroad. In that case, TCL art. 11, 12 and 19 will be considered. Tube Baby Provision art. 24/3 prohibit any sort of advertising. However, this provision has never been used in daily life before. Actually, surrogacy should not be considered contrary to the law as it carries a very important meaning for the future. Especially, when the new born can not be delivered to his genetic or legal mother for various reasons this might include a few serious risks.In the first chapter, we bring an overview of ultraviolet communications. We study the advantages of UV communications in addition to its disadvantages. Finally we mention our motivations for this work, based on the mentioned UV communication features and their comparison to other communication media (including radio frequency and other optical wireless communications technologies). In the second chapter, we provide UV channel modeling for airborne links, considering different possible geometric configurations in the ground-to-air links. In chapter three, we study a UV-based ground-to-air link system, considering the uplink of a ground sensor network, for which an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) periodically visits the network of serially-placed sensors and collects the sensor data from ground nodes. We analyze the system performance and find the maximum UAV coverage to maintain a pre-defined bit error rate (BER) performance. In chapter four, we study the uplink of ground sensor network, with a UAV-based receiver, considering the interference from the other sensor nodes, while an intended node is communicating with the receiver. We analyze the system by providing bit error rate performance for such a scenario. Finally in chapter five we conclude our discussion on UV communications for airborne links.

Morötesi (Ultraviolet - UV) güçlü molekül bağı ve aerosol saçılması ile bire bir görmeden çalışmayı(non-line-of-sight - NLOS) mümkün kılar. NLOS doğasından ötürü UV linkleri tıkanıklığı veya gölgeyi sağlamlaştırır ve doğrultuyu, kazancı ve takip gerekliliklerini rahatlatır. Bu özellikle İnsansız Hava Aracı (unmanned aerial vehicle - UAV) ağlarında iş görür. Bu çalışmamızda sensor node'larının yeryüzüne seri ve eşit intra mesafelerle yerleştirilmiş ground sensor network ‘unun uydu bağlantısı üzerinde çalıstık. Çalışmamızda bir UAV periyodik bir şekilde alanı ziyaret edip yer nodlarindan sensör verisi topladı, uydu verilerini de göz önünde bulundurarak UV bazlı sistemin performansını ölçtük ve maksimum UAV coverage'ini belirli bir bit error rate performansıyla hesapladık. İlk bölümde ultraviyole communication'a değindik ver artı-eksilerinden bahsettik. Son olarak UV communication özelliklerine ve diğer medya karşılaştırmalarına da değinerek bu çalışmadaki motivasyonlarımızdan bahsettik. Dördüncü bölümde sensörün uydu verisinden bahsettik, diğer node’larin da etkileşimini göz önünde bulundurarak hedeflenen node'un alıcıyla bağlantı kurması üzerinde çalıstık. Bu senaryoda sistemi bit error performance'i sağlayarak analiz ettik Son olarak beşinci bölümde airborne linkler için UV communication çalışmamızı özetledik.İkinci bölümde ground to air linklerdeki çeşitli geometrik konfigürasyonlar ile birlikte airborne linkler için UV channel modelinden bahsettik. Üçüncü bölümde UV bazlı ground to air link sistemi üzerinde çalıştık. Uydu verilerini de göze alarak bir İnsansız Hava Aracı (UAV) periyodik şekilde seri yerleştirilmiş sensörleri ziyaret etmesini üzerine değindik ve maksimum UAV coverage'ini belirli bit error rate (BER) ile belirledik. Dördüncü bölümde sensörün uydu verisinden bahsettik, diğer node’larin da etkileşimini göz önünde bulundurarak hedeflenen node'un alıcıyla bağlantı kurması üzerinde çalıstık. Bu senaryoda sistemi bit error performance'i sağlayarak analiz ettik Son olarak beşinci bölümde airborne linkler için UV communication çalışmamızı özetledik.