Person: BİLBİL, Ebru Tekin
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Ebru Tekin
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BİLBİL
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ArticlePublication Metadata only New governance and digital platform companies: The case of uber(IGI Global, 2019-04) Bilbil, Ebru Tekin; Hotel Management; BİLBİL, Ebru TekinBased on a new governance theory as regulatory governance, this article analyzes how a new economy creates new transaction costs at the local level due to the lack of legal coordination based on diversity and competition. The literature focuses on how new platform technologies have decreased existing transaction costs (i.e., online platforms). Surrounded by uncertainties in today's diverse, complex, competitive, and a fast market environment, the lack of legal coordination has created new transaction costs for digital platform companies. There is limited research on new digital platform company experiences with high transaction costs. There is also limited information on how to overcome these costs, especially due to the lack of legal coordination. This article documents ways to understand how transaction costs are revealed through new technologies. It compares diverse regulatory impacts of the new economy on different localities, including San Francisco and Istanbul. Analyzing Uber as the case company, as well as its relationship with other stakeholders, this article adopts the governance model of regulation to identify the constitutive dynamics of the regulatory challenges. It reveals that local and global e-hail firms in the same country acquired different acceptance and responses in the local market. Thus, the level of transaction costs varied. Local communication based on diversity and competition was derived from the vested interests of lobbying powers, which led to the rising transaction costs. Comparing the local governance in two cities reveals the extent to which transaction costs affect the raison d'etre of companies to perform activities.ArticlePublication Metadata only Platform coopetition in the tourism industry: conflicts and tensions caused by the closure of Booking.com in Turkey(Taylor & Francis, 2019-08-09) Bilbil, Ebru Tekin; Hotel Management; BİLBİL, Ebru TekinIn March 2017, as a result of a precautionary interim decision made by the courts based on the case relating to ‘unfair competition practices’, Booking.com closed its platform for inbound tourism in Turkey and ceased operations. This was the first instance of an online booking platform halting access for inbound bookings for the domestic market. This platform-based relationship involves both cooperation and competition, and thus this paper identifies this relationship as platform coopetition. Based on the governance network theory and employing a case-study approach, the Booking.com case is examined from the viewpoint of tourism coopetition from two perspectives: industry-wide and agent-specific. The paper provides an analysis of these perspectives and the past and on-going process of Booking.com’s platform closure. The constitutive dynamics this case endangers the coopetitive environment of the tourism industry and thus creates destructive uncertainties, especially for small hotels. This analysis also reveals the issues in terms of political representation for digital service platform companies.ArticlePublication Metadata only Governing contingencies by proxy: a governmentality approach on social supports in Istanbul under mutual uncertainty(Taylor & Francis, 2023-03-15) Bilbil, Ebru Tekin; Zihnioğlu, Ö.; Hotel Management; BİLBİL, Ebru TekinContingencies comprise immediate possibilities and aleatory interactions in the form of calculated responses to mutual uncertainties. While contingencies are critically important to governmental policies, yet they have been rarely considered in social analysis. The aim of this study is to analyze how the Covid-19 pandemic as a crisis has been governed both against and through contingencies by investigating the social support measures initiated by the Turkish government and the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (IMM). We gathered empirical data qualitatively from 12 in-depth interviews with the officers of local government and NGOs, supplemented by official documents. We found that contingencies are produced and become residual through configurational interdependencies, such as competition between the central and local government, unemployment, inadequate support, standardization, path dependency, and lack of diversification in need assessment. This study revealed that governmental practices are governed through contingent possibilities and interactions under mutual uncertainty and the politics of crisis management and conflict between local and central authority changed social support mechanisms.ArticlePublication Restricted Exploring publicness as social practice: An analysis on social support within an emerging economy(Wiley, 2023-12-23) Bilbil, Ebru Tekin; Zihnioğlu, O.; Fırtın, C. E.; Bracci, E.; Hotel Management; BİLBİL, Ebru TekinBy utilizing the concepts of field, habitus, and capital inherited from Bourdieu, this study explores publicness as a social practice. In doing this, the paper problematizes publicness concerning accountability and public value and empirically explores the organization of social support delivery in Istanbul. We posit our research question: In what manners does publicness open up a space for collaboration and convergence in relation to accountability? The data gathering and analysis follow a qualitative methodology. We found different forms of publicness under three different conditionalities: (1) publicness as political authority based on hierarchization and centralization; (2) publicness as competing positions produced by diverse actors and their diverse positions taken beyond hierarchical relations; (3) publicness as social inclusion and diversity that is all-embracing by employing more inclusive practices. Publicness relationally unfolds public value with and among formal rules, voluntary practices, and networks. By delving into constitutive elements of practice—symbolic capital and habitus—engaging in the field struggles of redefining and owning publicness, the paper goes beyond the conventional dichotomy of normative versus empirical conceptualizations of publicness and instead differentiates among distinct forms of publicness in different conditionalities and contributes to the literature by bridging publicness and accountability habitus.ArticlePublication Metadata only The politics of noise: case study of the commercialization of Alaçatı Village, Turkey(Elsevier, 2018-01) Bilbil, Ebru Tekin; Hotel Management; BİLBİL, Ebru TekinEmploying the concept of biopolitics, this study explores noise and policy inaction as normalizing technologies of the body and as market discourse through the commercialization of a small village. Noise in Alaçatı Village, which has been increasing since 2015, is analyzed here in terms of its constitutive processes, which include mechanisms of power and resistance. This approach shows how the normalizing technologies of the body, in conjunction with the inaction and contingency policies of biopower, result in the emergence of new power mechanisms with privatized and individualized modes of action. This study employed a qualitative method involving two months of participant observation and 45 qualitative interviews conducted in 2016 and 2017. The outcomes of policy inaction are as follows: (1) excessive noise is accepted and resistants become silent, (2) connections between noise supporters and resistants are lost, (3) responsibility for overcoming noise is individualized, and (4) de-territorialization and re-territorialization occur.ArticlePublication Open Access Managing expectations with emotional accountability: making City Hospitals accountable during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2020-10) Demirag, I.; Fırtın, C. E.; Bilbil, Ebru Tekin; Hotel Management; BİLBİL, Ebru TekinPurpose: This paper explores the role of the COVID-19 pandemic in the financial and parliamentary accountability mechanisms of public-private partnership (PPP) “City Hospitals” in Turkey. Diverse and changing accountability mechanisms are explored regarding budgetary, affordability and emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach: This is a case study of City Hospitals in Turkey. Empirical data are collected and analyzed qualitatively from publicly available government and related sources, Turkish National Audit reports (Sayistay), strategic healthcare investment plans, relevant laws, decrees and NGO reports and news articles. Findings: Existing accountability mechanisms for arranging and/or delivering value-for-money (VfM) in Turkish PPP hospitals are weak. This provided policy makers with more flexibility to manage expectations of its citizens in dealing with COVID-19 pandemic. Political decision makers, through PPPs, created political capital for themselves by engaging in emotional accountability at the expense of better financial and parliamentary accountability. Originality/value: This article contributes to the literature by articulating how roles of accountability change in crisis and introduces the concept of emotional accountability during a period of heavy infrastructure investments in City Hospitals in Turkey.Book PartPublication Metadata only Grassroots, municipality and labor in the circular economy: The need of a street-level analysis in the European Union and Turkey(Peter Lang Publishing Group, 2020) Bilbil, Ebru Tekin; Hotel Management; Günar, A.; Darici, B.; BİLBİL, Ebru TekinEbru Tekin Bilbil Grassroots, Municipality and Labor in the Circular Economy: The Need of a Street-Level Analysis in the European Union and Turkey Introduction Following the highest turnover of the European Parliament elections in 2019, the future of Europe is now focusing more on social and economic issues with the involvement of civil society organizations. As such, the circular economy (CE) is targeted as one of the “new sustainable economic models” (Opinion, 2018: 57) with a specific focus on the concepts of prosperity, efficiency, social inclusion and environmental responsibility. Nevertheless, the theoretical and practical sides of the CE have been mostly discussed from the system and design aspects in the CE literature. Therefore, there are gaps in this literature in understanding the CE concept from different perspectives. These gaps might be filled by focusing on social and institutional dimensions (Moreau, et.al., 2017). Whilst criticizing the system-wide approach to the CE, this chapter proposes to integrate the micro and street analyses within urban policies. The concept of CE is considered as an ultimate model in academic, policy as well as operational circles, both its practical and theoretical implementation and assessments (Gregson, et.al., 2015). Although there is not a precise definition of the CE (Haas, et.al., 2015; Özsoy, 2018a), both academic, public and civil society, organizations have a constant attempt to define and systematically analyze it as a concept, which is qualified as “complex and far-reaching” (UN, 2015).ArticlePublication Metadata only Inaction, silencing, and ignorance in disaster prevention: the case of Rıza Bey Apartment collapse in the earthquake in Turkey(Emerald, 2022-08-09) Bilbil, Ebru Tekin; Hotel Management; BİLBİL, Ebru TekinPurpose: This article examines the inaction, silencing and ignorance in ex ante disasters whilst conducting a case study analysis of the Izmir/Samos earthquake, a 6.6 Mw (moment magnitude) earthquake that occurred at a depth of 14.9 km from the ground on 30 October 2020 at 2:51 PM. The 8-floor Riza Bey Apartment in Bayrakli/Izmir was demolished in the earthquake approximately 100 km from the epicenter. After the earthquake, several lawsuits started to conduct investigations on an apartment basis. Focusing on the causes of disasters in engaging with adoptive thinking in disasters, the current article posits the following research question: what are the ex ante socio-technical dynamics and causes of fatality in disasters? Design/methodology/approach: The methodological tools and advice related to disaster prevention in ex ante disasters originate from the actor network theory (ANT). Although ANT probes complex and dynamic multiplicities in disaster prevention management, this may be unsatisfactory for conceptualizing and operationalizing a disaster, as it is heavily reliant on discerning between humans and non-humans. Data were gathered (February 2021–February 2022) from 15 face-to-face interviews, 2 phone interviews, official documents, archival records, open-sourced public interviews, political speeches, newspaper articles, public reports, expert reports stories, videos, legal transcriptions and photographs. Additionally, data were gathered from the commission minutes officially published on the government website. Findings: This article revealed the confusion of authority between the local and central governments and the gap between institutions and citizens in understanding and implementing the disaster prevention laws and regulations. It found that the causes of disasters beyond any dichotomies, such as surface versus site and ground versus grounded, rely not only on the technical roles of disaster prevention but also the non-technical roles assigned to it. Research limitations/implications: Since the lawsuit has been in continuation, the process is still alive, and data gathering is limited to the litigation conditions of public servants in terms of sharing information. Since many of the flat owners died, it is difficult to access information on the apartment meetings to learn more about the resistance of flat owners against urban transformation and the possibility of ignoring or hiding the risk assessment report. Practical implications: Disaster prevention is such a complex process which generates complex adaptation mechanisms (physical, behavioral, biological, cognitive through training, learning and experiencing). Also, there is a need to understand the scale of adaptive behavior and its function to improve adoptive mechanisms. With a transdisciplinary focus, each discipline needs to embrace one another's calculation and calculative practices while they measure, observe, analyze and implement risk and uncertainties. Social implications: It is hard to prevent disasters without knowing the flow of root relations between actors and elements that are in movement with different directions, forms and motions. These unbalanced, uneven and endless root relationships between actors' movements create a constant state of tension of organizing, recording, auditing, quantifying, computing, mapping (geology, Earth information system and micro-zonation), budgeting, bookkeeping, measuring, performance, regulating, controlling, monitoring and auditing with all the numbers and data. Originality/value: There is a gap in the literature in terms of the interaction between accounts and institutions in ex ante disaster.