Organizational Unit: Department of Design, Technology and Society
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Master ThesisPublication Metadata only Effects of protein addition and substitution of refined sugar on the quality of hazelnut butterZahedinia, Sayna; Kırkın, Celale; Zuluğ, Aslı; Kırkın, Celale; Zuluğ, Aslı; Tireki, Suzan; Baykut, E. D.; Department of Design, Technology and SocietyRecently, people have preferred reducing their sugar intake and replacing it With high-nutritious sweeteners and consuming more protein. This study aims to Promote hazelnut butter by replacing refined sugar with date syrup, enriching it with Green pea protein and collagen, and analyzing their quality changes. Their sensory, Color, emulsion stability, rheology, and stress sweep properties were investigated. Sensory analysis showed that collagen had not affected the sensory properties. The overall acceptability of samples with green-pea protein was lower than those With collagen. Date syrup decreased the overall acceptability slightly, but the Acceptability was satisfactory. Emulsion stability was high, ranging between 93% And 99%. The viscosity of all samples decreased with increasing shear rate and showed Pseudoplastic flow behavior, and the flow behavior (n) of the samples was similar. The consistency index (k) and apparent viscosity (µa) value of the samples Containing date syrup were higher than those prepared with refined sugar. The Incent and decent shear rate curves showed that they had thixotropic properties. In All samples, the storage modulus (gʺ) values were higher than the loss modulus (gʹ) Values, which showed that the viscous behavior dominated the elastic behavior. In conclusion, replacing table sugar with date syrup did not negatively affect The sensory properties of samples; therefore can be used as a sweetener in hazelnut Butter. In overall samples enriched with collagen showed better resulats than than The samples enriched with green pea protein. Rheological properties of samples Were not changed compare to the samples without protein and replaced sugar with Date syrup.Master ThesisPublication Metadata only Ethics in STS: a bibliometric exploratory study(2019-07) Oğuz, Murat Can; İlhan, Ali Oğulcan; İlhan, Ali Oğulcan; Köksal, Ayşe Hazar; Timur, Ş.; Department of Design, Technology and Society; Oğuz, Murat CanScience, Technology and Society (STS) is an interdisciplinary study field that focuses on the interwoven structure between science and technology in society. This study, using bibliometric word co-occurrence analysis and network visualization, looks to keyword network established around ethic keyword in this field. Data of scholarly articles are downloaded from Web of Science database, covering years 2000 – 2017. Graphs are generated with VosViewer and Gephi. Within four divisions of years (2000 to 2004, 2005 to 2009, 2010 to 2014 and 2015 to 2017) it is found that two major areas with dedicated journals play consistently significant role. Further study of those two approaches reveals that they have different method, coverage and structure and overlapping terms. It concludes that ethics discussion is a central but rare topic in STS studies and diverse approaches exist. Varying forms of ethics terminology are to be found. There are some central established discussions with strong links, but plurality and variations are the most significant attribute of the network.Master ThesisPublication Metadata only The relationship of efficiency and sustainability in agrofood : soilless agricultureYıldırım, Ezgi; Türkkan, Candan; Türkkan, Candan; Zuluğ, Aslı; Akarçay, E.; Department of Design, Technology and SocietyDue to the rising global population and potential food shortages, ecological, sustainable and efficient alternative production methods are becoming potential solutions. The soilless farming is advocated for increasing efficiency through the technological advancements and highlighting its sustainable features. This production method stands out due to characteristics such as water efficiency, energy savings, human control, and shortened harvest periods. This thesis aims to understand the concepts of sustainability and efficiency, which are cited as the reasons for the preference of soilless agriculture, and to analyze the relationship between these two concepts. In this context, the views of Haraway, particularly the concept of "cyborgization," will shape the framework of the study, and the feasibility of the future envisioned by Haraway through soilless farming will be examined. In line with this, a netnographic approach was employed to examine the internet pages of fourteen soilless farming producers worldwide, who were selected using a snowball sampling method. Field notes from the examinations were used for coding, and numerical data derived from these codes were analyzed. It was determined that the primary reason for the preference of soilless agriculture is profitability, and the relationship between sustainability and efficiency is mainly intertwined from an economic perspective. Notably, solutions predominantly target production systems while sidelining distribution and consumption processes, raising queries about resultant power dynamics. In conclusion, with the influence of technology, there has been a distance from Haraway's vision of a cyborg, equal, just, and classless world, and that the existing economic system has exacerbated inequalities.PhD DissertationPublication Metadata only Technology and employee collaboration in the wake of organizations' digital transformationAras, Arzu; Büyüközkan Feyzioğlu, Gülçin; Büyüközkan Feyzioğlu, Gülçin; Er, Alpay; Şenses, Özlem İnanç; Apak, S.; Demircan, M. L.; Department of Design, Technology and SocietyIn this thesis, collaboration of employees with technology, the design of a digital maturity model, the socio-technical design of governance structures, the inclusion of employees in decision-making processes, and the implementation of robotic process automation activities that come to the fore in employee-technology collaboration have been considered. For a holistic and end-to-end handling of the transformation, the digital transformation journey and its critical stages have been defined. In the first stage, a holistic digital maturity model based on a systematic literature review has been designed. This model consists of six main dimensions named digital strategy, digital value, digital processes, digital technology and data, digital work, and digital governance, and twenty-four sub-dimensions. It enables the definition of all critical competencies required by digital transformation regardless of the sector and size of the organizations. In the second stage, after the assessment based on the maturity model has been accomplished, the focus is shifted to how the digital maturity assessment results can be scored and how the targets could be determined to create an effective transformation roadmap. In this context, AHP and TOPSIS methods, which are multi-criteria decision-making techniques, are used in the assessments carried out with the participation of employees. In the third stage, the focus is on robotic process automation that has been designed socio-technically. Then, AHP and TOPSIS methods are used in the selection of a vendor and prioritization of processes, which are critical in the effective deployment and management of this technology.Master ThesisPublication Metadata only Impact of hmi on driver trust for level 4 autonomous drive long haulage trucksUyanık, Ayça Odabaşı; İlhan, Işıl Oygür; İlhan, Işıl Oygür; Baykal, Gökçe Elif; Çoşkun, A.; Department of Design, Technology and Society; Uyanık, Ayça OdabaşıWhile the technological advancements in Level 4 autonomous drive trucks, which can drive by themselves under limited conditions, are being communicated as a way forward to increase road safety, as well as to improve working conditions and provide relaxation to long haulage drivers onboard, it is important to understand the user acceptance factors so that this technology can provide the expected benefits. This study focuses on one of the user acceptance factors, i.e., trust of the drivers. The goal is to study the effect of Human Machine Interface (HMI) screen elements in supporting trust for Level 4 autonomous drive systems for long haulage trucks. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 truck drivers to understand the current status of drivers’ trust, to identify drive maneuver instances where trust needs to be supported, and to develop an in-depth understanding of trust support via HMI screen elements for status and information share. Paper prototypes of HMI screen design proposals were used as probe materials during the interviews and discussed from trust build up perspective towards autonomous drive technology perspective. Interview questions and drive maneuver instances for further investigation were defined based on a preliminary trust questionnaire that was administered to 9 participants. Autonomous drive technology trust constructs that were used during the interview and in the questionnaire were defined through literature reviews in psychology and human machine interaction. Results show that main driver of trust to Level 4 autonomous trucks relies with driver experience with system competency, but it is not enough on its own. HMI screen elements are important for drivers throughout the trip. They become especially important to support feeling of reliability to autonomous system under changing weather conditions and feeling of safety during autonomous drive maneuvers through transparent status and information sharing. HMI screens can build up confidence by providing adequate solutions to watch over the road and other vehicles in autonomous driving mode. Findings from this study indicate that it is a dramatic change for long haulage truck drivers to hand over the drive to an autonomous drive system for extended durations. Considering the critical drive decisions they give during the journey for situation management, strictly following a zero-risk driving characteristic and continuously considering what could go wrong, HMI screen element designs can facilitate transparency of autonomous drive system, support trust and accelerate this transition period from current truck technology to autonomous drive trucks and assist with technology acceptanceMaster ThesisPublication Metadata only Food as medicine : the healing power of sugar in ottoman medical manuscripts during the 14th and 15th centuriesKadırgan, Pırıl; Samancı, Özge; Samancı, Özge; Selçuk, Oya İklil; Bilgin, A.; Department of Design, Technology and SocietyThis thesis intends to explore how people perceived intertwined relationships between food and health in the Ottoman Empire during the early modern era with a particular focus on sugar. Sugarcane which originated from Southeast Asia reached the eastern Mediterranean region in the 7th century. Produced in a long and arduous process, sugar obtained from sugar cane became an object of desire and a status indicator in medieval Arab, European and Ottoman worlds. Sugar was used for multiple practical purposes, including medicinal use. The thesis explores the role of sugar in the Ottoman health system within the framework of humoral theory by examining four Ottoman medical manuscripts from the 14th and 15th centuries. According to the medical manuscripts sugar was considered hot and moist. Different types of sugar such as white sugar, solid white sugar (tabarzad) was used to expel phlegm from the body and to relieve cough. There are also sweets in which it is recommended to use sugar for its benefits. The thesis findings show that being a rare and valuable commodity sugar besides its cultural and symbolic meanings, played an essential role as a medicine in the Ottoman health system based on humoral theory. Moreover, the information obtained from the Ottoman medical manuscripts coincides with the use of sugar in the European medical understanding of the period.PhD DissertationPublication Metadata only From contemplation to spectacle: transformation of the way of seeing in the 19th century ottoman cultureİz, Mustafa Kemal; Özkal, Özlem; Özkal, Özlem; Çavuş, Metin; Ghosh, Candan Türkkan; Kaya, D.; Berkan, S. T.; Department of Design, Technology and Society; İz, Mustafa KemalIn this study, by suggesting two different ways of seeing as contemplative and spectatorial, which are based on the distinction made between the concepts of tefekkür (contemplation) and temaşa (spectacle), the transformation of worldview experienced by the Ottomans in the modernization process taking place in the 19th century is interpreted through the transformation of the way of seeing in the Ottoman culture. In the process of Westernization, the way of seeing based on contemplation – which was prevailing in Ottoman culture– gradually turned into the way of seeing based on spectacle. This transformation process can be examined in four different stages: religious, metaphysical, naturalist and impressionist. In this transformation process, in which each stage develops around a unique characteristic, the view towards reason, nature and the individual has also changed. Accordingly, while the religious stage is shaped around the stylization tendency; the metaphysical stage is dominated by a kind of indecision between two ways of seeing. While the naturalist stage is determined by the picturesque attitude; impressionist gaze dominates the impressionist stage. Since the art forms in which contemplative and spectatorial way of seeing were most visible in the Ottoman Empire were poetry and canvas painting respectively, these four stages and transition between them have been examined on literary and visual planes, through the works of poets and painters from successive generations. In this context, through the transformation between two different ways of seeing, this study aims to suggest a different interpretation concerning the change in the Ottoman worldview as a result of Westernization and modernization processes in the 19th century.Master ThesisPublication Metadata only Analyzing the effects of film techniques on storytelling in cinematic virtual realitySakallıoğlu, Burak; Çavuş, Metin; Department of Design, Technology and Society; Sakallıoğlu, BurakThis thesis focuses on analyzing the usage of traditional film techniques and their effects on storytelling in cinematic virtual reality (CVR) or 360° films. Since virtual reality is an emerging technology, creating content for it is still an ongoing process and an open-ended discussion. Throughout this work, existing cinematic virtual reality contents are viewed and analyzed to seek answers for the following questions: "How does CVR function differently from traditional cinema?", "What is the essence of CVR?" and "Can we define the rules of production of a successful CVR film?". The chosen CVR films are analyzed by the following five main criteria to answer these questions: the first-person view vs. ghost view, still viewing or moving viewing position, the existence of a guiding content, space and time transitions, and vertical-horizontal movements. At the end of the study, a guideline is presented for virtual reality filmmakers and researchers about creating CVR content that would achieve a standardized storytelling approach.Master ThesisPublication Metadata only Understanding pedestrian road crossing behaviorKüçükali, İrem; İlhan, Ali Oğulcan; İlhan, Ali Oğulcan; Köksal, Ayşe Hazar; Timur, S.; Department of Design, Technology and Society; Küçükali, İremWhile cities tend to grow in terms of both land and population, millions of people from different backgrounds, social classes, and demographics living in a complex system like a city, requires some regularization. Car-centered planning approach is not sustainable anymore considering ever-growing city populations, motor-vehicle-use related environmental, and health issues such as air pollution, climate change, urban traffic congestions, and the obesity epidemic. The primary aim of this research is to understand the underlying mechanism for the jaywalking behavior and the shortcomings of the current pedestrian signaling in terms of safety, efficiency, and practicality; and to suggest a new way of organizing pedestrian traffic more efficiently and safely. To answer my research questions, observational data on pedestrian behavior at signalized intersections with pedestrian signal phases were required along with descriptive characteristics of pedestrian, intersection, signalization, and other environmental elements. Primary and secondary data is collected for the research. The thesis research is conducted at two signalized intersections, Beşiktaş Square and Fatih Malta, in Istanbul. The pedestrian violation rate is found 32.9%. Resulting statistical models suggest the importance of the number of approaching vehicles, the number of people crossing, time of the day that crossing has happened, and signalization cycle length on the jaywalking behavior.Master ThesisPublication Metadata only Representation of the unrepresented: disability in children's picture books(2019-01) Garip, Hatiye; Özkal, Özlem; Özkal, Özlem; İlhan, Ali Oğulcan; Noyan, N. E.; Department of Design, Technology and Society; Garip, HatiyeThis study examines the representation of disability in pre-school children’s fiction picture books. It aims to investigate and identify the characteristics of how disability is represented in order to raise awareness about the issues surrounding the depiction of disability and in this way, help to make picture books more inclusive. Additionally, the goal of the study is to inspire and motivate illustrators to change current misrepresentation or non-representation of disability and diversity in picture books. The focus of this thesis is on the children’s picture books published in Turkey in the last decade, which belong to local and foreign authors. This thesis uses qualitative analysis as a method. It examines a total of 52 picture books in detail via 40 different codes. The results show that there is an increase and improvement in the representation of disability in picture books published in the last decade. However, the analyzed picture books usually use disability as a theme, they have stereotypical approach to the types of disabilities and aim to present information about the type of disability rather than a story. Furthermore, the disabled characters are mostly main characters and they are generally children. This study emphasizes that picture books need to be more inclusive and equitable as they are influential educational instruments for children.