Interior Architecture and Environmental Design
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Conference paperPublication Open Access Photogrammetric model optimization in digitalization of architectural heritage: Yedikule fortress(International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2023-06-24) Sancak, N.; Uzun, F.; Turhan, Kartal; Saraoǧlu Yumni, H. K.; Özer, D.K.; Interior Architecture and Environmental Design; TURHAN, KartalThe idea of "digitalization of architectural heritage"has recently gained prominence to represent architectural and historical assets. With all these potentials, this study aims to create optimized models that can be used in serious gaming environments by presenting a method of photogrammetry. As a case study, Yedikule Fortress and its surroundings, which have a multi-layered structure that includes many cultural aspects such as Byzantine, Ottoman, and Republican periods in the historical process, have been studied within the scope of digitizing the architectural heritage to create an optimized model for gaming environments. The study was methodologically constructed in three phases: Photogrammetry, polygon modeling, and low poly/high poly baking process. The fortress and its surroundings are modeled using a high-detail point cloud and a high-poly mesh using aerial photogrammetry. The high-poly model was taken as a reference and transferred into a low-poly model as a mesh map, texture, and light characteristics. This allowed the high poly model to operate more efficiently and effectively in game engines. As a result, the study created a detailed and optimized model for the game engines to produce serious games specific to light and texture data, to be used on devices that support mixed reality (MR) technologies.
ArticlePublication Metadata only (Lived) Spaces of belonging, culture, and gender: Spatial practices of home for Syrian women in Istanbul(Sage, 2022) Sezginalp Özçetin, Pınar; Rottmann, Susan Beth; Interior Architecture and Environmental Design; Humanities and Social Sciences; ROTTMANN, Susan Beth; SEZGİNALP, Pinar ÖzçetinCombining architectural and cultural anthropological approaches, this study explores the domestic lived spaces of Syrian women in Istanbul to understand how they create belonging in a new social and architectural setting and perform gender roles. We analyze data gathered from several types of dwellings according to the concept of spatial practice of Henri Lefebvre to explore how women’s daily life praxis fosters feelings of contentment and safety, and how they reflect on their previous homes in Syria through a lens of nostalgia. At the same time, we explore how houses in Syria are remembered via reflections on spatial changes. Methodologically, we rely on semi-structured interviews and mental map drawings of houses in Istanbul and reminisced houses from Syria. Ultimately, this research provides a fine-grained portrait of the (lived) space of Syrian women, showing how they reconstruct domestic lives through past/Syrian and current/Turkish spatial practices.ArticlePublication Metadata only Furniture configurations in an active learning classroom make further differences in student outcomes(Emerald, 2022) Kepez, O.; Üst, Selin; Interior Architecture and Environmental Design; ÜST, SelinPurpose: The aim of this study is to understand the effect of class configurations in an active learning classroom (ALC) on students' self-perception of experiences and learning outcomes, namely participation, performance, motivation and creativity. Design/methodology/approach: A self-administered survey (N = 131) was conducted in seven classes from the varied disciplines of communication, interior design and architecture. During the first half of the semester, all selected courses were conducted in traditional classrooms, whereas those in the second half were conducted in an ALC. ALC was designed to be used with several furniture configurations which could be easily set up by members of the learning community themselves. The survey was conducted at the end of semester before final exams, when students have a clear idea of the experiences in both the traditional and the new (ALC) classrooms, having spent equal time in each of these learning environments. Findings: The main finding of the study is that students were eager to have future classes in the ALC rather than in traditional settings since the students experienced better learning outcomes in the ALC. During the second half of the semester, students who were in classes conducted following active learning (AL) pedagogies, with its supportive spatial configurations, were more aware of the learning outcomes facilitated by the physical environment. Further, the authors found that the increase in the number of furniture configurations has a statistically significant positive impact on learning outcomes. Originality/value: AL pedagogy is often studied as a way of teaching and rarely with its associated classroom environments. In most of the existing studies, the configuration of furniture has often been overlooked within an AL environment by a learning community. This study fills the gap in emphasising the spatial aspects of the ALC by focusing on the specific pedagogy being followed.Meeting AbstractPublication Metadata only Investigating embodied simulation experience in perception of architectural space(Springer, 2021-09) Yanaş, Elif Aktaş; Gul, L. F.; Interior Architecture and Environmental Design; YANAŞ, Elif AktaşN/AArticlePublication Open Access Landscape characteristics and main plant species of floristic composition of Doğanbey old village in Aydın(Istanbul Univ-Cerrahpasa, 2022-01) Güngör, Beyza Şat; Interior Architecture and Environmental Design; ŞAT, BeyzaDoganbey old village is a historic rural settlement that is located in the national park of Dilek Peninsula Buyuk Menderes Delta. The village reflects rural and unique landscape characteristics and units with both natural and human-influenced elements. The aim of this study is to determine floristic composition of the village and to confirm landscape characteristics by field study. As the methodology; empirical analyses were implemented to determine rural landscape characteristic units and plant species identification at the site. Both native and cultural plant species of the village were determined at the site. Results support the uniqueness of the village with its endemic plant species and its rural habitat. In conclusion; touristic potential of the village should be highlighted with a pro- environmental approach, and future implication or development plans should consider biodiversity conservation from the aspect of sustainability of the village.ReviewPublication Open Access Sustainability challenges for the social-environmental systems across the Asian Drylands Belt(IOP Publishing, 2022-02) Chen, J.; John, R.; Yuan, J.; Mack, E. A.; Groisman, P.; Allington, G.; Wu, J.; Fan, P.; De Beurs, K. M.; Karnieli, A.; Gutman, G.; Kappas, M.; Dong, G.; Zhao, F.; Ouyang, Z.; Pearson, A. L.; Güngör, Beyza Şat; Graham, N. A.; Shao, C.; Graham, A. K.; Henebry, G. M.; Xue, Z.; Amartuvshin, A.; Qu, L.; Park, H.; Xin, X.; Chen, J.; Tian, L.; Knight, C.; Kussainova, M.; Li, F.; Fürst, C.; Qi, J.; Interior Architecture and Environmental Design; ŞAT, BeyzaThis paper synthesizes the contemporary challenges for the sustainability of the social-environmental system (SES) across a geographically, environmentally, and geopolitically diverse region - the Asian Drylands Belt (ADB). This region includes 18 political entities, covering 10.3% of global land area and 30% of total global drylands. At the present time, the ADB is confronted with a unique set of environmental and socioeconomic changes including water shortage-related environmental challenges and dramatic institutional changes since the collapse of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The SES of the ADB is assessed using a conceptual framework rooted in the three pillars of sustainability science: social, economic, and ecological systems. The complex dynamics are explored with biophysical, socioeconomic, institutional, and local context-dependent mechanisms with a focus on institutions and land use and land cover change (LULCC) as important drivers of SES dynamics. This paper also discusses the following five pressing, practical challenges for the sustainability of the ADB SES: (a) reduced water quantity and quality under warming, drying, and escalating extreme events, (b) continued, if not intensifying, geopolitical conflicts, (c) volatile, uncertain, and shifting socioeconomic structures, (d) globalization and cross-country influences, and (e) intensification and shifts in LULCC. To meet the varied challenges across the region, place-based, context-dependent transdisciplinary approaches are needed to focus on the human-environment interactions within and between regional landscapes with explicit consideration of specific forcings and regulatory mechanisms. Future work focused on this region should also assess the role of the following mechanisms that may moderate SES dynamics: socioeconomic regulating mechanisms, biophysical regulating mechanisms, regional and national institutional regulating mechanisms, and localized institutional regulating mechanisms.ArticlePublication Metadata only Material-based computational design (MCD) in sustainable architecture(Elsevier, 2020-11) Yazıcı, Sevil; Tanacan, L.; Interior Architecture and Environmental Design; YAZICI, SevilToday material is the driving force in architectural design processes run by Computational Design (CD). The architect may lead the design process and its outputs by analysing material type and properties, as well as constraints, at the beginning of the process. This article reviews the state of the art in Material-based Computational Design (MCD) and aims to analyse the role of materials in efficient and sustainable MCD processes. A set of critical projects developed over the past decade have been selected and grouped based on how material is incorporated into the process. In the process, three main categories are identified namely, Material Performance, Informed Materials and Programming Materials. Based on predefined criteria on efficiency (E) and sustainability (S) in architectural design processes, the projects are analysed to calculate their E + S ratings. The analysis identifies two principal approaches implemented in MCD. One focuses on integrating material properties with other critical parameters including form, performance and fabrication. The other concerns enhancing material properties by designing new materials. The analysis verifies that MCD generates both efficient and sustainable design solutions. By using CD in architectural design processes, existing materials can be reinterpreted and innovative materials can be produced to achieve new spatial experiences and meanings.ArticlePublication Metadata only Collaborative design of an active learning classroom with high school students and teachers(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2020-04-30) Kepez, O.; Üst, Selin; Interior Architecture and Environmental Design; ÜST, SelinPurpose - The aim of this study is to understand classroom settings desired by high school students and teachers in an active learning classroom. The research question is whether students and teachers will differ from each other when designing an active learning classroom. Design/methodology/approach - In an effort to design a learning environment for an advanced placement programme, action research methodology was followed by conducting a participatory workshop in a real active learning classroomwith future users. Working in isolation fromone another, students and teachers designed their own classrooms by forming different learning centres. During the study, two groups, made up of ten high school students and seven teachers, respectively, were asked to arrange the furniture in an active learning classroom. The groups were free to form as many furniture arrangement configurations as they wished and were asked to write about their workshop experiences afterwards. Once they had completed both tasks, their plan layouts were examined. Findings - All of the plan layoutswere found to fall into one of three categories: a traditional layout, a small group layout or a single large group layout. The written texts were also analysed, which revealed different perspectives of each participating group. As students and teachers explore different learning opportunities, they appear to be driven by different kinds of experiences when they endeavour to organize their classrooms. Originality/value - Never before has an active learning classroom been the site for a participatory furniture arrangement workshop that employs teachers and students.ArticlePublication Metadata only Rule-based rationalization of form: learning by computational making(Springer Nature, 2020-07) Yazıcı, Sevil; Interior Architecture and Environmental Design; YAZICI, SevilDigital design and fabrication tools obtain constraints affecting creativity in conceptual design phase. There is a necessity to have a better understanding of issues related to the rationalization process of form, material and fabrication. The objective of this paper is to integrate analogue craft into architectural design studio that can be applicable into various educational setups, in order to increase the algorithmic thinking skills of students, before giving tutorials on the software tools and digital fabrication techniques. The Rule-based Rationalization of Form (RRF) was implemented as a task for a mobile unit design through computational making. The research methodology of RRF consists of four stages, including specifying the design constraints and the rules; the design of the components and the overall form; making the large-scale mock-up; and process evaluation. It was implemented to the second year undergraduate architectural design studios from Fall 2014 to 2016. The data were collected by the process analysis and questionnaire applied to the participants. The output studies were grouped in three, as Modular, Folding and Biomimetic design systems, based on the geometrical characteristics and organizational principles applied in the process. In the light of research objective, algorithmic thinking skills of students were developed through analogue craft, as well as participants obtained a better understanding of issues related to the rationalization process of form, material and fabrication, by testing relationships between the geometry, tools and the materials.Meeting AbstractPublication Metadata only Investigating the role of imagistic imagery in aesthetic experience(Springer Nature, 2018-09) Yanaş, Elif Aktaş; Interior Architecture and Environmental Design; Belardinelli, M. O.; Hünefeldt, T.; YANAŞ, Elif AktaşN/AArticlePublication Metadata only Building in extraterrestrial environments: t-brick shell(American Society of Civil Engineers, 2018-03) Yazıcı, Sevil; Interior Architecture and Environmental Design; YAZICI, SevilSpace exploration focuses on new technologies to search the unknown. It has been used to investigate possibilities for the creation of human colonies in extraterrestrial environments. Current projects concerning space architecture reflect two perspectives that differ from highly rationalized engineering solutions in that they are highly conceptual and abstract approaches. Although implemented for extraterrestrial environments, new technologies do not offer a comprehensive approach from an architecture perspective that can be implemented for different design and programmatic purposes by the use of in situ materials on Mars. This paper aims to propose a comprehensive approach in which the form generation process is driven by environmental conditions, specifically the dune fields on Mars. A set of architectural geometry, described computationally, can respond to different spatial conditions, such as shell structures, from fully enclosed to semiopen surfaces. In this approach, in situ materials are used with robotic fabrication; more specifically, three-dimensional (3D) printing is used on Martian land. A material system, which creates a titanium-dioxide-based shielding layer, was developed against high radiation levels on the Martian surface. The interconnected structural modules were considered similar to the brick material called T-brick. The system was assessed structurally by selecting an enclosed geometry: a dome structure. Hence, the efficiency factor was calculated. The results proved that the proposed T-brick shell is an efficient solution considering the payload constraints of the system. The method can be potentially implemented on Earth and extraterrestrial environments in addition to Mars. (C) 2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.ArticlePublication Open Access Does plant knowledge within urban forests and parks directly influence visitor pro-environmental behaviors(MDPI, 2018-03-28) Güngör, Beyza Şat; Chen, J.; Wu, S. R.; Zhou, P.; Shirkey, G.; Interior Architecture and Environmental Design; ŞAT, BeyzaUrban parks and forests provide many services to society and are becoming essential components within urban landscapes worldwide. While substantial research and actions have been taken to understand various ecosystem services of urban forests and parks, significantly less effort has been made on people's perceptions toward the effectiveness of these services. In addressing the above research needs, we conducted a field survey and hypothesized that an individual's knowledge will lead to different pro-environmental behaviors in urban forests and parks. Using the Toledo, Ohio, USA as our study site, we collected 267 interviews from five of the area's most frequented urban parks. A three-way ANOVA and two Partial Least Square Structural Equation Models quantified the causal relationship among demography, plant knowledge, environmental knowledge, and pro-environmental behaviors. We found that: (1) different levels of plant knowledge will have different influences on environmental behaviors; (2) pro-environmental behavioral models can be based on planned behaviors or habitual behaviors; and that (3) gender may not be an influential factor in determining pro-environmental behaviors. Environmental knowledge, especially plant knowledge, plays a key role in fostering pro-environmental behaviors. Therefore, we reason that disseminating plant knowledge education materials will profoundly raise visitors' pro-environmental behaviors.Conference paperPublication Open Access Functional use change in green spaces: a case study of Kırklareli province(IOP Publishing, 2017) Güngör, Beyza Şat; Ozanguc, K. C.; Interior Architecture and Environmental Design; ŞAT, BeyzaGreen spaces which are one of the most important public spaces in urban design have an important role on qualified daily urban life. People escape from intense work pressure and traffic jam of metropoles to those urban green areas to take a breath even they cover a small size. In time, people's expectations from green spaces as functional and quantitative needs are changing. This change occurs due to increasing population and as the character of the urban life. This study examines the functional use and quantitative change of urban green spaces of Kirklareli Province from past to present. Kirklareli is a border city to Bulgaria which is located in north-west part of Turkey and this gives a transitional and a multicultural character to the city. The population is about 67360. In the course of time; green space needs have increased by the increasing population. In addition to this, green spaces' functional use change has been identified. According to the results of the study; from the aspect of the green space standards, Kirklareli found above standards with 17.5 m(2) per capita, but on the other hand, sport and playground areas found insufficient. The Oldest and the newest city plans of Kirklareli (1940s and 2012s cadastral plans) have been compared and site surveys implemented as the methodology. In site survey, current green spaces' functional uses as sport or playground are observed and determined and also current quantitative measure of the green spaces are verified. Urban green spaces in Kirklareli Province evaluated through considering world's most populated urban green space standards and Turkey's standards. This study utilizes to compose a substructure of the urban green space. Determined deficiencies and inadequacies of green spaces and functional needs in this study, can guide to further studies and implementations of Kirklareli Municipality.ArticlePublication Open Access Leading effect of visual plant characteristics for functional uses of green spaces(Istanbul University Faculty of Forestry, 2016) Güngör, Beyza Şat; Çulha Ozangüç, K.; Interior Architecture and Environmental Design; ŞAT, BeyzaPlant materials have the ability to lead the people’s functional use purposes with their visual characteristics. In this study, we examined whether the functional use follows the plant materials’ visual characteristics like a big size tree’s shade use. As visual characteristics of the plants; size, texture, color, and planting design basics are considered. Six urban green spaces determined for this experimental field study in the center of Kırklareli Province, and then a site survey implemented to determine apparent visual characteristics of the plants and matched functional uses with their visual characteristics. Five functional use types determined according to the visual plant characteristics (sitting and resting, pedestrian transition, meeting point, walking and recreational uses). Best representing four photos of each green space’s plant materials are used in photo questionnaires. 89 photo questionnaires were conducted. Five functional use type options indicated in the questionnaire for each green space and one of the options were coinciding with the visual plant characteristics of that green space according to the site survey results. For the analyses of questionnaires; SPSS 17 statistical packages were used. As result; the hypothesis was confirmed by coinciding statistical analyses results with the site survey results.ArticlePublication Open Access A parametric landscape urbanism method: The search for an optimal solution(ITU, 2016) Yazıcı, Sevil; Interior Architecture and Environmental Design; YAZICI, SevilThrough ecological awareness, different methods have been investigated to explore the relationship between nature and design. Additionally, digital techniques and methods have begun to dominate all fields of professions, including design disciplines. Landscape is an integral part of a city’s public domain. The concept of Landscape Urbanism prioritizes landscape over building design in urban planing through the use of advanced digital techniques. Although there are studies and projects in this field, they lack a method that can be implemented for the organizational principles of a masterplan and the distribution of green-areas by creating iterations. A parametric landscape urbanism method has been developed and applied as the concept of a self-sufficient micro-nation located in Europe. The methodology uses principles that consist of three stages: defining the site’s constraints, generating computational geometry, and the optimization process, which uses evolutionary algorithms. As a result, a solution space is generated by creating iterations for green area distribution and determining their green area ratios. The method can potentially be applied to other site domains and optimization problems.ArticlePublication Metadata only Modernist landscapes of Ankara(Informa Group Company, 2016-05) Turan, Burcu Yiğit; Interior Architecture and Environmental Design; YİĞİT TURAN, BurcuFollowing the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, Mustafa Kemal and the Kemalist revolutionaries believed that the new Turkey should be a ‘modern’ democracy and also a ‘green’ country in line with positivist science and modernist culture. In this context, the landscapes of Republican Ankara would become an experimental field for this Turkish nation-building and modernization. This article traces the development of modernist landscape ideology during the early Republican Era in Turkey and its translation by planner and architect Hermann Jansen into detailed design ideas for Ankara. It illustrates the interaction between Jansen’s cutting-edge social and landscape architectural ideas and the Anatolian landscapes after the First World War. Finally, it more widely defends the value of the fantasized and partly realized modernist landscapes of Ankara as part of the urban collective memory in Turkey and the modernist cultural heritage.Conference paperPublication Metadata only Efficiency in architectural geometry informed by materials(Ecaade-Education & Research Computer Aided Architectural Design Europe, 2014) Yazıcı, Sevil; Interior Architecture and Environmental Design; YAZICI, SevilAlthough some studies investigate physics-based dynamic systems to generate structurally efficient forms by incorporating geometry with performance requirements, there is a gap in the field questioning on how to link structurally efficient architectural geometry with mechanical properties of materials. The aim of this paper is to question the possibility of generating an information loop in which Young's Modulus, stiffness of the material may both inform the form-finding process and the structural performance simulation. The proposed method offers steps including form-finding, series of analyses applied for architectural geometry and structural performance, as well as optimization. Based on the simulation results, efficiency values are calculated driven by the use of different materials. The significance of incorporating material properties in the early design stage is underlined, by comparing differences, whether the stiffness of material informs the form-finding process or not.Conference paperPublication Open Access Performance based pavilion design: a dialogue between environmental and structural performance(Ecaade-education & Research Computer Aided Architectural Design Europe, 2013) Yazıcı, Sevil; Interior Architecture and Environmental Design; YAZICI, SevilThis paper investigates the design process of a performance based pavilion from concept towards construction phases, by challenging conventional form and fabrication techniques. The proposed project is considered as a temporary structure, located in Antalya, Turkey. A free-form structure and a parametrically defined cladding are designed to serve as an installation unit, a shading element and urban furniture. The pavilion geometry, performance assessments and proposed fabrication schemes are clearly described in the paper. The method integrates form, performance, material and fabrication constraints and exposes how environmental and structural performances, including Solar Access Analysis and Static Structural Analysis, may inform the design project.Conference paperPublication Metadata only A course on biomimetic design strategies(Ecaade-Education & Research Computer Aided Architectural Design Europe, 2015) Yazıcı, Sevil; Interior Architecture and Environmental Design; YAZICI, SevilAlthough redesigning curricula by integrating the CAD tools into architectural education has been an ongoing interest, a new understanding towards solving design problems holistically should be investigated in architectural education. Because natural systems offer design strategies to increase performance and effectiveness with an extensive formal repertoire; incorporating multi-faceted biomimetic principles into the design process is necessary. It is critical to increase skills of students towards algorithmic thinking, as well as to deal with performance issues and sustainability. This paper aims to discuss an undergraduate elective course titled "Sustainable Design and Environment through Biomimicry" which was taught by the author in architectural degree program of Ozyegin University Faculty of Architecture and Design in Fall 2014-2015. Following the exploration of individual research topics, findings were implemented into design problems. The challenges encountered in the teaching process and future lines of the work are discussed in the paper.ArticlePublication Open Access A study on relations between soil and plant species in alpine zone at Kazdaği National Park, Turkey(Pakistan Botanical Society, 2013-12) Güngör, Beyza Şat; Interior Architecture and Environmental Design; ŞAT, BeyzaThis study examines the plant species distribution and cover abundance scales relations with soil and other environmental factors such as elevation, exposure, slope in the alpine region. 10 sample areas were determined for experimental field study in the alpine region. Plant species and their cover abundance scales and 0-5 and 5-15cm soil depth analysis were conducted in the field study. C, N, pH, soil salinity, soil texture, C/N and CaCO3 (%) were determined in soil laboratory analysis. To examine the effect of land use by the local people; sample areas were determined both on used area and non-used area in the alpine region.