Browsing by Author "Khodabocus, Sabah Fatima"

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Multi-criteria decision-making approach for risk management in modular construction projects
Khodabocus, Sabah Fatima; Seyis, Senem; Seyis, Senem; Deniz, Derya; Ergen, E.; Department of Civil Engineering; Khodabocus, Sabah Fatima
While there exists an ever-rising interest in modular construction projects, the current performance does not depict its full capabilities. This is mainly due to practicing 'stick-built' methods under a roof, implying carrying out conventional construction style in an offsite factory. That malpractice causes costs overruns, disruptions in timeline, and poor-quality end-products. Hence, early planning, guides, and qualified individuals should be integrated to eliminate those hindrances. While being minimal but not inexistent, the risks in a modular project can negatively impact overall performance if not tackled early on. As such, this study aims to utilize a multi-criteria decision-making approach for identifying the most efficient risk management approaches to tackle risks in modular construction projects. Hence, a systematic literature review, meta-analysis, semi-structured interviews with 5 experts, open- ended questionnaires with 5 experts who opted for sharing their input in this manner instead of interviews, and the 2- round Delphi method with 11 experts, were conducted. The data achieved underwent reliability, validity, and agreement tests comprising of calculations such as percentage standard deviation decrease, Cronbach's alpha, and Kendall's coefficient of concordance (Kendall's W). This was followed by a meta-analysis with the content derived from the literature review. Hereafter, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was opted to quantify the Delphi findings and solve the multi-criteria decision-making process. This has led to ranking the risk management approaches according to efficiency for each risk category considered in the scope of this study. These risk categories are Supply chain, Health & Safety of workers, Stakeholders, and Governmental support. The Delphi scores pertaining to efficiency performance of each risk management approach according to the relevant risk criteria was incorporated in the spreadsheet where AHP scores were calculated. The AHP rankings are relevant to the mean efficiency score from Delphi round 2 and a uniformized weight value for risk criteria as a general approach. Practitioners can implement the spreadsheet with modified weight of the risk criteria according to their projects to derive precisely ranked risk management approaches. Furthermore, an interactive web-based application was launched using data achieved throughout the study to provide target audience with a user-friendly platform supporting early decision making in risk management. Once users select the risk category and criteria to tackle based on their projects, the application leads to guides on implementation of the risk management approaches alongside a to-do list. The application was validated by 3 industry experts for feasibility in integration to projects. The findings of this study will support early planning in a modular project by indicating to project managers or risk managers the most appropriate risk management approach to be implemented according to risk criteria of the project. The highly reliable Delphi and AHP findings provide practical insight for target audience in the modular construction industry such that a clearer initiation phase can be achieved. This would hence enable achievement of timelines, budget conditions and quality standards. The flexibility of the developed decision-making platform ensures that different projects can benefit from the latter based on their properties. Moreover, the research promotes continuous improvement in the modular construction industry by contributing to the quest of enhancing productivity through efficient risk management approaches usage.
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Multi-criteria decision-making model for risk management in modular construction projects
(Taylor & Francis, 2024) Khodabocus, Sabah Fatima; Seyis, Senem; Civil Engineering; KAZAZOĞLU, Senem Seyis; Khodabocus, Sabah Fatima
The modular sector needs a precise guide to determine the most efficient risk management approaches. The main research objective of this study is to develop a multi-criteria decision-making model to find the most efficient risk management approach according to the relevant risk criteria. The risk criteria and risk management approaches for modular construction projects were also identified and classified within this scope. A systematic literature review, semi-structured interviews, and open-ended questionnaires were performed for identification and classification purposes. For ranking and quantifying the identified risks and risk approaches, as well as developing the decision-making model, the Delphi method and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) were conducted. A two-round Delphi method, with eleven experts, was conducted to achieve efficient performance scores of the identified risk management approaches. The percentage standard deviation decreased, Relative Importance Index (RII), Cronbach’s alpha, and Kendall’s coefficient of concordance (Kendall’s W) were calculated to ensure the outputs’ reliability, validity, and agreement level. The AHP method opted to quantify the Delphi method outputs, solve the multi-criteria decision-making process, and develop the multi-criteria decision-making model for risk management of modular construction projects. Triangulation results show that the critical risk categories are supply chain, health and safety, stakeholders, and governmental support. Lean principles such as the Last Planner System, Value Stream Mapping, Just in Time, and Kaizen are top-rated risk management approaches. This research’s novelty is identifying and analyzing crucial risk categories, providing the relevant risk management approaches ranked according to efficiency performance, and presenting a decision-making model as a guideline for risk management of modular construction projects.
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A simplified guide on BIM integration to mitigate facilities management risks of modular construction projects
(Springer, 2022) Khodabocus, Sabah Fatima; Seyis, Senem; Civil Engineering; KAZAZOĞLU, Senem Seyis; Khodabocus, Sabah Fatima
Building Information Modelling (BIM) has been upscaling throughout the years being highly interoperable. In modular construction, projects have limited scope for alterations at later stages because of exorbitant costs. It is preferable to start with an accurate and well-established platform that will automatically clear obstacles at later stages. As with any project, risks are to be encountered. In this study, Facilities Management (FM) risks are analyzed and BIM-linked approaches are brought together as a guide. The input was derived from a literature review and given the limited studies performed in this scope, interviews with six experts who also validated the outputs have boosted overall quality. Since the modular sector has not yet witnessed early FM integrations with BIM platforms, this investigation had as aim to pave the path for this subject. For modular construction projects to perform to their full efficacy, early involvements are the key. In the study, sub-categories that involve maintenance of module and space management, energy analysis, quality and safety were deemed as major contributors to FM risks if not handled correctly. Being interconnected, cost, scheduling, and quality equally impact the project. For instance, without prior planning for accessing faulty facilities, the facility manager in charge would dedicate more time to figure out another path that could hinder designated quality standards. BIM integration acts as visual aid and database containing project attributes. This study forms simplified guides with suggestions on BIM platforms that modular construction projects can adopt for tackling FM risks while early integrating designers with facilities managers.